Monday, 9 July 2012

More non-essential Spider-Man Essentials

Time now for another look at Spider-Man's guest appearances. Today I'm looking at a stretch from 1972 until 1981, ending at the twenty year mark which is also broadly at the point where the Essentials start getting bitty – in particular the Fantastic Four and Avengers series don't (yet) get beyond here and most of the other series that start in the Silver Age are even further behind. It's not the neatest of points but it serves its purpose. With that said:

Daredevil and the Black Widow (to give the book its full cover title at the time) #103, written by Steve Gerber and drawn by Don Heck, reprinted in Essential Daredevil volume 5

This issue tied in with Marvel Team-Up #12 (a Man-Wolf issue) which saw Peter sent to San Francisco to get photographs of Daredevil and the Black Widow, who had teamed up and were briefly relocated there. This issue continues Peter's efforts to get the story – curiously he's written here as a journalist as well as a photographer. Peter makes it into the Black Widow's mansion where he's secured the chance to get the story, but suddenly new villain the Ramrod shows up, stealing a box of papers for his shadowy masters who reconstructed his body after an accident. Daredevil and the Black Widow pursue him, with Peter changing to Spider-Man and following at a distance, recovering the papers. The fight continues on the skyline until the Ramrod loses his grip and plunges to his doom. Spidey takes off and Peter shows up to finally get his interview. Whilst it's nice to see Spider-Man interacting with other heroes on good terms, rather than hot-headedly getting into a fight, this appearance feels rather short and certainly not a substitute for the lack of an early Team-Up with Daredevil and/or the Widow as the interaction between them and Spidey is limited to the actual fight. And Spider-Man doesn't really contribute much to the right that Daredevil or the Widow couldn't have done themselves. Peter seeking an interview also feels out of role – I suppose one could argue Jonah wanted to save on air fares but in Team-Up #12 he was specifically sent on a photo assignment. Ultimately this is a gratuitous unnecessary appearance.

An issue I'm going to have to skip as it hasn't yet been Essentialised is Sub-Mariner #69 written by Steve Gerber and drawn by George Tuska. As before if the Essential Sub-Mariner gets further volumes and reaches it (this one would be in volume 5 by my reckoning) I'll try to remember to return to this post and add my thoughts on the issue. However I suspect that won't be for many years yet.

Howard the Duck #1, written by Steve Gerber and drawn by Frank Brunner, reprinted in Essential Howard the Duck volume 1

Amazing as it may seem, Howard the Duck was once one of Marvel's biggest properties, leading to a much publicised creators' rights dispute over Howard's ownership, followed by a notorious mid 1980s movie often considered one of the worst films of all time. Before that came Howard's own series which launched in 1975 (and was reportedly more popular than the contemporary revival of the X-Men!). The key to understanding the series is that it's an existentialist satire in which the difference between seriousness and silliness is a point of view. With that said...

Spider-Man makes a short guest appearance in the first issue in which Howard encounters Pro-Rata, a cosmic accountant who lives in a tower made of credit cards located by a river in Cleveland and who sends Howard through a portal to a dimension of barbarians in order to retrieve the missing key for the Cosmic Calculator, which will allow Pro-Rata to become the Chief Accountant of the universe. Steve Gerber made this up, not me. Midway through the issue Jonah sends Peter to Cleveland to get photos of the mysterious talking duck sighted there, and late in the issue Spider-Man follows the sound of the explosion to reach the tower where he and Howard in turn save each other's lives. It's a fairly gratuitous appearance by Spidey that doesn't really add anything other than to lure readers in. Unfortunately the issue plays the guest appearance for straight rather than making a wider comment on the conventions for comics to do such appearances, missing an opportunity. Spider-Man makes a further brief cameo appearance in issue #10 (also in this volume) when Howard has a breakdown and several past characters appear in a surreal nightmare. It's notable for the image of Howard turning on a tap only to get webs as Spidey comes out of it. It's an example of the sort of madness that happened in Howard's series.

To keep this listing complete I'll just note Marvel Two-in-One #17, written by Bill Mantlo and drawn by Sal Buscema, which is reprinted in Essential Marvel Two-in-One volume 1 but which has also appeared in Essential Marvel Team-Up volume 2 as it crossed over with Team-Up #47 (which in turn is also reprinted in the Two-in-One volume). My thoughts on the issue are in my regular piece but I'll just repeat my comment that the creative teams on the two series seem to have been swapped around, and there's some dialogue in one series that would more suit the other, suggesting that the chapters were originally created to appear in the opposite series as someone got the schedule mixed up and assumed the issues would come out the other way round, then when the mistake was discovered the two stories were simply swapped over. Ah the mess of arranging crossovers.

Another one that I've already covered in the main run is The Man Called Nova #12 written by Marv Wolfman and drawn by Sal Buscema. This crossed over with Amazing Spider-Man #171 and both issues are reprinted in Essential Spider-Man volume 8 and also in Essential Nova volume 1. This time at least the chapters appeared in the books they were specifically created for. Later on in the series issue #15's cover promises an appearance by Spider-Man, Captain America, Iron Man and the Hulk, but it's very brief and they're only robot duplicates so like a lot of other brief cameo appearances I haven't included it in this overview. As previously noted, Nova was created in part as a deliberate homage to Spider-Man (and less deliberately drew upon elements of Green Lantern) so the series may be worth checking out to see how such a homage worked out in practice. It's all contained in that single Essential volume.

Marvel Two-in-One Annual #2, written and drawn by Jim Starlin, reprinted in Essential Marvel Two-in-One volume 2 and also in both Essential Avengers volume 8 and Essential Warlock volume 1

This was a continuation of the story from Avengers Annual #7 (in which neither Spidey nor the Thing appears), which in turn served as the conclusion to the saga of Adam Warlock and Thanos that Jim Starlin had been telling back in Warlock's own series before it was cancelled. The storyline climaxed with Thanos combining the power of the six Soul Gems (later renamed the Infinity Gems) and assembling a giant space fleet to wipe out much of the universe as a gift to regain the favour of the embodiment of Death. In the first part the Avengers, Captain Marvel and Adam Warlock attacked, destroying the main star destroying weapon but Warlock lost his life to Thanos and his own time-travelling younger self (it's a little complicated to summarise here) and was drawn into the world of the Soul Gem.

The Marvel Two-in-One annual opens with Peter Parker sleeping, receiving a telepathic message from Moondragon about how Thanos re-gathered his forces, overwhelmed and captured the Avengers and now plans to use the last surviving Soul Gem to destroy Earth's sun. Spidey sets out for the Baxter Building, observed by Master Order and Lord Chaos (two cosmic entities making their first appearances) where he gets the help of the Thing and they set off in the Fantastic Four's space shuttle. Once aboard Thanos's flagship they battle Thanos's army but get captured and brought before Thanos who rapidly subdues the Thing. Spider-Man panics and actually swings away until he realises he's doomed anyway so decides his best chance is to free the Avengers, which he does by throwing himself into the machine holding them in stasis. All the while Order and Chaos comment on how Spider-Man is meeting path of destiny they've set out for him but the ultimate job is to bring forth Adam Warlock. As Spidey recovers he finds himself strangely drawn to the Soul Gem which he releases from its container whilst at the same time Adam Warlock finds himself being called from inside the gem back to reality for one last missing. Warlock's spirit bursts out and turns Thanos into living stone. Thanos's army surrenders and the heroes bury Warlock then head for home.

As you can gather from that outline this is quite a different sort of story from the type Spider-Man is normally involved in, even in some of the more fantastic Marvel Team-Ups. Indeed in the story itself both Spidey and the Thing comment on this. I'm also not too comfortable with the whole idea of Order and Chaos manipulating Peter Parker's destiny so that he would become Spider-Man in the first place – the idea of mortals being micromanaged by powerful cosmic entities is so far detached from the norm for Spider-Man stories that it really sticks out. However this is a guest appearance so a little latitude can be allowed and Spider-Man is ultimately the catalyst for saving the Earth. I guess Marvel's leading solo hero has to do that at least once. And Two-in-One was a team-up book so his appearance wasn't even gratuitous. Still I bet a few Thing fans thought the regular hero should have had a greater role.

Spider-Man made another debut issue guest appearance in The Human Fly #1, written by Bill Mantlo and drawn by Lee Elias. However this is another issue that has to be omitted in this run as the Essentials haven't yet touched the Human Fly (nothing to do with the Spider-Man villain who sometimes go by this name and sometimes as just "the Fly", although Spider-Man is investigating the similarity of names), which seems to be one of the most obscure of all Marvel series. It was reportedly based on a real-life stuntman although there has been a degree of uncertainty about this.

Defenders #61, written by David Anthony Kraft and drawn by Ed Hannigan, reprinted in Essential Defenders volume 4

This story sees the Defenders trying to catch a serial killer who murders lawbreakers who has been striking on the Empire Statue University. Trying to lure him out they decide to erect a statue to a lawbreaker – and choose Spider-Man, in hideous modern art. Both Spidey and the vigilante show up but the latter knocks out the Valkyrie's flying horse and throws the statue's tarpaulin over Spidey, then uses the distraction to escape. Spidey and the Defenders agree to dismantle the statue. Whilst the Defenders was a series that made a virtue of a high number of guest stars (to the point that Defenders membership was never formally defined until the New Defenders era), Spider-Man's presence is largely unnecessary and any fugitive or criminal could have served as the basis for the statue. The fight is chaotic with too many heroes taking on one lone killer who escapes all too easily. This is yet another gratuitous appearance.

Fantastic Four #207, written by Marv Wolfman and drawn by Sal Buscema, reprinted in Essential Fantastic Four volume 9

When I originally wrote this post, Essential Fantastic Four had not yet reached this issue so I had to make do with a promise to come back to it when it eventually arrived. As that's now happened I can give my thoughts on this one.

This issue sees Peter on his first photo assignment for the Daily Globe and might have made a reasonable addition to Essential Spider-Man volume 9 because it shows him being hired by the Daily Globe, a precise point jumped over a bit in Amazing #194. In the space of less than one page Peter enters the Globe office, gets put on the salaried staff with an understanding about his time commitments and sent on his first assignment! Said assignment involves obtaining photographs of the students at Security College, a specialist institution for the offspring of the rich and famous who might otherwise be subject to kidnap attempts, including one Johnny Storm. The debate on journalism ethics has come a long way in the last three decades so it may just be the passage of time, but I was surprised Peter so readily accepted an assignment that effectively involves intrusion of privacy, even if he is photographing students out and about on the campus rather than in their private rooms. During the course of his attempts he discovers that the students are being hypnotised and used for nocturnal stealing by the Fantastic Four's old foe the Monocle. He convinces the Human Torch this is happening and they bring down the operation. The Monocle himself escapes the two heroes, but he'd tried to break away from the Enclave who blow up his rocket. All in all this issue feels rather awkward. The rest of the Fantastic Four don't appear at all as they're off on the planet Xander dealing with the left-over events from Nova and although Johnny's attendance at Security College was built up in previous issues, the whole thing feels as though it was scripted as a potential (fill-in?) issue of Marvel Team-Up. This is probably the reason why we get such a rushed introduction to Peter's career at the Globe and in the wrong series to boot – the script probably originally had him receiving a standard assignment but then the issue went out at a very awkward point in his own titles for this. However that doesn't excuse running part of a major development in Peter's life in another series.

Uncanny X-Men #123, scripted by Chris Claremont and drawn by John Byrne, reprinted in Essential X-Men volume 2

This is really quite a short appearance by Spidey that helps to establish continuity with the Marvel Team-Up issues with Captain Britain by bringing back the villain from that story, Arcade. Spidey bumps into Cyclops and Phoenix in New York, then sees them captured by Arcade's garbage truck and rushes to warn the rest of the X-Men by phone – only for it to be answered by Arcade who tells him he's too late. Spidey then smashes the phone box in rage. He doesn't appear in the rest of the story and really only served to provide a degree of continuity and explanation to introduce the story's villain.

Although not yet reached in its own Essential series, Fantastic Four #218, written by Bill Mantlo and drawn by John Byrne, has been reprinted in Essential Peter Parker, the Spectacular Spider-Man volume 2 as it crosses over with issue #42 of that series, and thus my thoughts on it are in my review of that volume.

Dazzler #1-2, written by Tom DeFalco and drawn by John Romita Jr, reprinted in Essential Dazzler volume 1

As I touched upon in my introduction piece about Spider-Woman, the Dazzler originated in a plan by Marvel to have a singer-superhero with a real-life singer doing promotion appearances. Eventually Marvel launched her in their first direct market only title in 1981. As part of the run-up to introduce here, she guest-starred in Amazing Spider-Man #203 and Spidey returned the favour in her own title. The first issue includes a cameo as the Dazzler takes on a group of muggers but falls into trouble and is helped by the arrival of Spider-Man. She goes on to get a job as the singer in a top nightclub, where in the second issue the opening night sees the attendance of about half the heroes in New York. When the Enchantress shows up, seeking a cosmic rift that will open on the site giving her great power, everyone joins a battle with her and the monsters she conjures up. The Enchantress is defeated but the night club is destroyed in the process; however Dazzler is given a tip for an interview about a singing contract- and all the heroes go to give her support and make sure she gets auditioned. Spider-Man's appearance here is very much a part of crowd support, both within the story itself and for sales (he's quite prominent on the cover of issue #1, reproduced as the Essential volume cover) but he gets a few good moments such as when Peter rushes into the gents to change into his costume and finds the other heroes have taken all the cubicles!

Given Dazzler's origins in the disco scene, there was rather a missed opportunity for her to fight one of Spider-Man's old foes. Why did no one think to pit her against the Hypno-Hustler?

(I've decided to leave out the What If series. Quite apart from it not having been Essentialised yet, it is by definition explicitly set in alternate timelines and often takes characters in quite unusual directions. Plus in most appearances Spider-Man was invariably a banner feature, not a guest star.)

Okay that's everything from 1972 until 1981. There's only a few guest appearances I could find that haven't yet been in the Essentials. Again it's surprising that there weren't more such appearances but I guess that Marvel Team-Up was able to meet a lot of that demand.

What's surprising about the appearances covered here is that in contrast to guest appearances in the 1962-1971 period there's far less of a hot-headed jerk in the Spider-Man costume. Equally there's very little of the resort to the stock formula of the hero being assumed to be a criminal, either inadvertently or deliberately due to a villain framing them. Instead we get Spider-Man interacting with other heroes on more respectful terms. The character was steadily developing in his own series and these guest appearances reflect that well.

Sunday, 8 July 2012

Essential Spider-Man volume 10

Next in line is Essential Spider-Man volume 10 which reprints Amazing Spider-Man #211-230 and Annual #15. In addition we get Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe entries for the Black Cat and the Juggernaut. The writing is split between the bulk of Denny O'Neil's run and the start of Roger Stern's, with fill-ins by Michael Fleisher, Bill Mantlo and Jan Strnad, and one O'Neil plot that's scripted by J.M. DeMatteis (who had recently started a run on Marvel Team-Up that the Essentials haven't yet reached), plus a brief Aunt May solo story by Mike W. Barr. Most of the art is by John Romita Jr, with individual issues by Luke McDonnell, Bob Mcleod, Win Mortimer, Alan Kupperberg, Bob Hall and Rick Leonardi and the annual by Frank Miller. Again that's a lot of creators so the labels have been place in a separate post.

(We're into another period when Spider-Man hit the TV screens with not one but two cartoons. One of them, simply named Spider-Man but renamed Spider-Man 5000 for the DVDs, is probably the least well known of all the Spider-Man cartoons. The other, Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends, saw Spidey in a team with Iceman and Firestar, an original character substituting the otherwise licensed Human Torch. I have a fondness for Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends as it was still being rerun on the BBC into the mid 1980s and it's almost certainly where I first encountered Spider-Man. However once again the screen adventures had no real impact on the comics. There was no sudden increase in team-ups with Iceman, whilst Firestar wasn't introduced to the Marvel Universe proper until late 1985, by which time Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends was no longer in production. And thankfully, the regular comics never saw appearances by Miss Lion, let alone Videoman.)

As for the stories in this volume. Well it's probably best to slit them in two, taking first the O'Neil run, including the fill-ins, and consider issues #211-223 plus the Annual. And this is... erm... erm... Denny O'Neil's run on Spider-Man has achieved something of a legendary status for being so bad. In part this is probably a case of high expectations - O'Neil by this stage had, together with Neil Adams, overhauled Green Lantern by teaming him up with Green Arrow for a run of down to earth "socially relevant" stories, and at the same time the pair had radically overhauled Batman by taking him away from the TV series inspired camp and back to his dark and gritty roots. And O'Neil had also been a part of revamping Superman for the 1970s. So naturally readers at the time were probably expecting a similar era of greatness for Spider-Man. Instead they got one of the most static eras of Spider-Man to date, in which most developments were thrown out the window. At the end of the previous volume Peter's time at the Daily Globe had been brought to a rapid conclusion and he quickly returned to the Daily Bugle - was this a conscious "back to basics" move? Part of the problem is that Spider-Man had never veered off to the extremes - the series had never gone all camp like Batman, it wasn't excessively fantastical like Green Lantern and the hero had never been so overly powerful that nothing could threaten him unlike Superman. And the series was already grounded in urban reality with stories covering some of the social and political controversies of the day (the Spider-Man drug story predated the Green Lantern/Green Arrow one by few months). So it would have been impossible to repeat the initial bold moves that had made O'Neil's name. But that wouldn't have been a barrier to a high energy exciting run, like both Marv Wolfman's and Roger Stern's, to take just the writers on either side.

Instead we get a run that is generally unmemorable and the exceptions are for all the wrong reasons. The biggest mystery is over who is Peter's neighbour who sings country and western music rather badly at all hours, and there's hardly any doubt for the reader with the two suspects introduced at the same time and one having blatant red herrings all around him. Perhaps the real mystery is why Peter never simply knocked on his neighbour's door and politely asked for some consideration for the neighbours (and if he had no success, why not complain to the landlady?). As supporting cast members go there's not much to the culprit, Mr Pincus, and he has just one notable story, "Blues for Lonesome Pinky!" (#221, O'Neil's last full script on the regular title) which shows that he chose the wrong genre and should have picked the blues, but has the endurance to play for 90 minutes straight holding the attention of drugged bar customers while Spider-Man rushes to obtain an antidote. We get a couple of other recurring supporting cast members introduced here, but neither would go on to be of much significance in the long run. Biff Rankin is a rather obnoxious preppie type who becomes Peter's rival for Debra Whitman. There's a touch of the old Flash Thompson about him but without the redeeming features (such as Flash's support for Spider-Man) but it does at least hammer home to Peter how poorly he's treated Debra. A more minor recurring character is Roger Hochberg, a fellow graduate student and total reclusive nerd whom Peter tries to draw out. But again he's only a minor footnote in Spidey history. We also have a further appearance by Madame Webb that just underlines how the character doesn't really work in conventional Spider-Man stories. When Spidey overhears crooks planning a murder at the end of a race, does he turn detective to try to work out who the victim will be? No, he rings up his friendly neighbourhood psychic and asks her to try and find out, and in return she always manages to ring the nearest phone to him. In only her second appearance Madame Webb has become an all too convenient plot device that just subtracts from the tension.

In general the villains are a mix. One the one hand we get some forgettable non-costumed characters like the would-be assassins of a congressional candidate, or a crime syndicate selecting a new secretary on the basis of who steals enough wealth first (although that's in Michael Fleisher's fill-in), or Armand DuBroth, an inmate at Ryker's Island (subtly renamed for the comics) who organises break-outs for particular inmates. On the other hand we get a number of supervillains better known from other heroes' series, such as the Grey Gargoyle, the Red Ghost and his Super Apes or the Frightful Four, this time with Namor the Submariner's old foe Llyra as their fourth member. Namor himself also shows up twice, first for an obligatory fight over a misunderstanding and again for another misunderstanding fight followed by the Wizard briefly transferring Spidey's Spider-Sense to Namor but the two defeat the Frightful Four and get Reed Richards to reverse the effect. Spider-Man's own villains make only limited appearances - the Sandman shows up in the Frightful Four and then again in an encounter with Hydro-Man that I'll discuss below. The annual features Doctor Octopus with his latest scheme to murder five million people, simply to prove that he can, by poisoning the ink in the Daily Bugle. It's a sign of how Doc Ock has become a generic arch-enemy who on this occasion isn't even interested in taking a ransom instead. The annual also features the Punisher and does at least show a subtle shift in Spider-Man's approach to him, leaving his erstwhile ally webbed up to be captured by the police. The Punisher finds himself unable to kill cops and is finally arrested and taken to jail. The story does at least give us some classic Jonah and Robbie moments as they contemplate the front page of the Bugle amidst an ever changing situation. The annual also has a few back-up features including "Just How Strong is Spider-Man", an attempt to place his strength category in comparison to contemporary Marvel heroes. It's presented as Spider-Man's own rankings, with the other heroes' reactions to their placing - it would be an interesting exercise to compare the placements here with how strong the heroes have been shown in actual stories, though I doubt many writers would feel bound by a feature of this nature.

The one major long-term development of the O'Neil run is the introduction of a new villain, Hydro-Man. Whilst he's never been one of the A-List foes he has proved highly durable over the years. But a villain who gets his powers in a scientific accident that transforms his body into one composed of a common substance which he can shape, separate and reform at will? Yes it's hard to see Hydro-Man as anything over than a variation on the Sandman (indeed when the 1990s Spider-Man cartoon was unable to use Sandman because he was scheduled for the ultimately unmade James Cameron movie, they just put Hydro-Man in his place). And the similarity is compounded by Sandman showing up in the very next issue. Perhaps because of this we get the inevitable conflict between the two - and it's over a middle aged barmaid - with Spider-Man showing up and accidentally causing the two leap into each other, fusing into a single mud monster dubbed the "Mud-Thing". This leads to a poor parody of King Kong as the monster is paraded on the stage (in the Marvel Universe where weird monsters are two a penny!) and then goes mad, grabbing the woman and climbing a very tall building. It's also a rare Spider-Man story where his contribution to the resolution is solely to save the woman when the monster disintegrates - the real "heroes" are the New York Police Department who fly in with helicopters and release a gas that dehydrates the Mud-Thing (though curiously it doesn't demerge it back into the separate villains). In Spider-Man's own title it should be Spidey who either finds the solution to the problem or endures indignity at being beaten to it, rather than being a casual bystander.

All in all I found the O'Neil run dire and dreary but not so wretched as to be the worst period in Spider-Man's history. Still considering the heavy excitement of so much of the previous 200+ issues it does feel like an awful slamming on the braes and wallowing in nonsense, rather than the grand excitement so many were expecting. And the shortness of the run - at this point the shortest in Amazing‘s history (bar four issues by Roy Thomas stories that were virtually an extended fill-in) - suggests that the problems were recognised at the time as O'Neil stayed at Marvel for several years (including a four year stint on Iron Man) so it wasn't a sudden departure due to being lured over to a rival company as had happened with some other writers over the years.

Fortunately this volumes contains seven further issues that show strong signs of improvement, as Roger Stern took over for the start of a far more dramatic run. Here his work hits the ground running with a good Vulture story that shows the old bird finding a new leash of life after meeting Nathan Lubensky, and also establishes his full name (Adrian Toomes) for the first time. Another revitalisation comes in a two-parter with the Black Cat that reveals her state of mind at the end of her past appearance was all just an act to ensure she'd be sent to a hospital that's easier to escape from than a prison. Unlike the previous wiping away of mental illnesses I don't find this one so bad since the original revelation was such an out of field moment in the first place that it's best overcome quickly. We get further developments in her relationship with Spider-Man as the two find themselves getting ever closer but each tries to pull the other over to their side of the divide. There's an almost tragic climax as the Black Cat seemingly rolls to her death because she believes she faces nothing but jail, only for Jean DeWolff to subsequently tell Spidey that there is a conditional offer of a pardon for the Cat. However since she's shown before that cats have multiple lives, it's clear that this isn't the end of the Cat and she could return as strong a character as before.

There's also a one-off story as Spidey fights the Foolkiller, a madman seeking to rid the world of fools who tangles with Spider-Man - and then gets told that only a fool would do that. We also have a fill-in by Jan Strnad in which an unnamed scientist develops a method to make spiders attack and kill people, and then hires out the technique. It's an okay tale in itself but coming so soon after the end of a turgid run it does feel like a worrying step back. Fortunately the final two issues in this volume are a dramatic highpoint, so much so that one of them provides the volume's cover.

On paper the idea of Spider-Man fighting the Juggernaut is absurd given their respective power levels. But the story takes the imbalance and works with it so well, with the Juggernaut setting out to kidnap Madame Webb and Spider-Man discovering he's the only hero available to stop him. Then when it seems Madame Webb may die from being pulled out of her life support, Spider-Man is hit by guilt and remorse over his failure, and becomes determined to make amends by stopping the Juggernaut "or die trying". We thus get an explosive climax as Spidey tries again and again to stop the unstoppable, with girders, wrecking balls and petrol explosions all failing. Eventually he succeeds by tricking the Juggernaut into stepping into wet concrete foundations forty feet deep from which the behemoth doesn't emerge. The epilogue shows that Madame Webb has suffered memory loss, and possible power loss too, thus removing an all too convenient plot device from the picture and adding to Peter's guilt. All in all this story brings to the forefront many of the key elements that make Spider-Man what he is, and serves as an excellent climax to the volume.

This volume is very much one of two halves (okay two-thirds and one third), with the first thirteen issues and annual showing the series at a weak dull point in which nothing of any real significance happens and everything just goes through the motions. The last seven issues show a corner has been turned and starts improving things, both by enhancing some of the villains and by really taking Spidey to his roots without casually jettisoning storylines or glibly dismissing what had previously been shown as very real problems. This volume ends with a strong sense that there's even more excitement to come.

Essential Spider-Man volume 10 - creator labels

Again we have a volume with a lot of creators, so here's a separate post to carry the labels for some of them.

Friday, 6 July 2012

Essential Spider-Woman volume 2

Next comes Essential Spider-Woman volume 2, which reprints Spider-Woman #26-50, Marvel Team-Up #97 and Uncanny X-Men #148. This sees the conclusion of the title and this particular Spider-Woman wouldn’t have another for over twenty years. (There would be other Spider-Women in the meantime but they’re now mainly forgotten.)

These issues see the rest of Michael Fleisher’s run, followed by a run by Chris Claremont (who also writes the X-Men issue) and finally a brief run by Ann Nocenti. There’s also a fill-in by J.M. DeMatteis, whilst the Team-Up is by Steven Grant. The art sees runs by Steve Leialoha and Brian Postman, with fill-ins by Jerry Bingham and Ernie Chan. The Team-Up issue is drawn by Carmine Infantino, whilst the X-Men issue is done by Dave Cockrum.

The Team-Up issue, which hasn’t yet been reached by Essential Marvel Team-Up, is a rare one without Spider-Man and instead headlines the Hulk, no doubt because of his TV series. It’s an odd inclusion here as it doesn’t contribute anything to Spider-Woman’s own series and instead just sees her and the Hulk fighting a mad scientist and his monstrous creations in a remote desert town. The X-Men issue’s claim to be here is more arguable because it’s the aftermath of a storyline in Spider-Woman’s own title that sees the X-Men guest-starring for the final battle, but whilst the issue completes the introduction of Siryn it again adds nothing to Spider-Woman, being just another guest appearance and a fight, and could have been equally left out. After all it also guest stars the Dazzler but hasn't been included in her Essentials. The most surprising omission is of Avengers #240-241 which served as an epilogue to the series, undoing much of the conclusion and ending things on a more positive note and putting Jessica Drew into the status quo she’d have for another two decades until the New Avengers came along. Had that been included then the initial story of Spider-Woman could have been told completely across these two volumes. Instead we get the main series itself and it’s really quite appropriate that the series ends with Magnus wiping all trace of Spider-Woman’s existence from everyone’s memory, making it as though she never existed. Because frankly the series is still as forgettable as ever.

Part of the problem is the turnover of writers, with few lasting long enough to make many developments last. Instead, each writer seems to rapidly alter the status quo from their predecessor. So we have Spider-Woman working as a bounty hunter in Los Angeles, followed by Jessica Drew working as a private investigator in San Francisco with Spider-Woman working to enhance the service, and finally the last few issues see a temporary return to Los Angeles followed by what appears to be a rapid dismantling of her San Francisco life in favour of something different when suddenly a final crisis emerges from nowhere and ends it all – for now. To add to the mess we also get changing of the handling of Jessica’s physiognomy and powers – at one point she ditches the drugs to suppress her negative pheromone problem and for most of the rest of the run people don’t find her unsettling – until another writer comes along and briefly uses that aspect. Her powers fluctuate quite a bit, particularly her capacity to recharge and store her electric venom bolts, whilst at times she has super hearing and other times not. (And she apparently lost her power of immunity in an appearance in Marvel Two-in-One that isn’t included here; not that the series itself notices.) And of top of it all the bounty hunter set-up was just dropped into the title back in issue #21 in the first volume, with a promise that a future story would reveal how the set-up came about. That promise is never delivered on. It’s hard to avoid the conclusion that this title was still being produced solely to secure the intellectual property. Were writers forced onto the title as a contractual obligation? Several of the writers have won huge accolades for their work elsewhere, but there’s little here that soars to such heights. However Steve Leialoha’s art is extremely good, and his longevity on the title (drawing all but two issues in a twenty-two issue run – well that’s epic compared to everyone else) suggests he actually wanted to be there. However Brian Postman’s work on the last four issues does little for me, although there are signs towards the end that had both he and the book lasted longer he would have improved.

The inconsistency is also present in the situations Spider-Woman goes through, but this is a feature common within writers’ runs as well as between them. Is Spider-Woman a series about a costumed crime fighter like Spider-Man or Daredevil, an espionage/world conqueror series like Captain America, a magic and myth series like Thor, or a science fiction/fantasy series like the Fantastic Four? Elements from all of these sub-genres pop up over the course of these issues with the result that Spider-Woman can go from fighting Hydra in one issue to having to cope with the Impossible Man in the very next. Whilst some books can effective juggle a wide variety of scenarios and problems, most are at their best when they decide early on just what sort of series they’re going to be and broadly stick to that. Here it feels like the series is going through all manner of situations and menaces without much great reason, adding to the disjointed nature of the work.

That’s not to say there aren’t some individual stories that work reasonably well on their own. The volume kicks off with an epic focused on the twin troubles of the return of the Enforcer, albeit now as a generic supervillain with a gag, and the manipulations of the press. Issue #26 introduces us to a particularly odious character, the new publisher of the Los Angeles Courier, once a highly respected newspaper but since its take-over by a publisher from the UK it’s become a rather trashy rag. He and his reporters also resort to rather dubious methods to obtain stories, including a willingness to break the law. His name is “Rupert M. Dockery”. Now I wonder who he’s a parody of?! It’s a reminder that even thirty years ago Rupert Murdoch’s approach to journalism had its critics. I’m writing this at a time when in the real world the Murdoch empire is taking a battering, starting with revelations about the way reporters on one of his papers obtained stories through illegal and immoral methods, but the revelations have gone much deeper. So it’s amazing to see such a blatant parody of him engaging in equivalent activities such as arranging for the creation of a supervillain to fight Spider-Woman and then contriving the Enforcer’s escape from prison in order to generate exclusive news stories his papers and television stations will have coverage of. Curiously few people realise what’s going on until a visiting Spider-Man spots the coincidence and follows up the lead. (Now what profession does Jessica subsequently go into again?) But Dockery gets his final comeuppance when Spider-Woman and Captain Walsh obtain a confession and since it’s not enough to convict they force him out of the city’s media. This parody is over thirty years old but it’s still recognisable to those day.

The same storyline sees Spider-Woman’s ally, Scott McDowell, try to save her from the Enforcer and instead winds up wounded by a poison dart and in suspended animation, with Spider-Woman blackmailed by the Enforcer into aiding him so she can obtain the cure for Scott. It’s good to see that both Spider-Woman and Scott care for each other to go to such lengths, but not enough is made of Spider-Woman’s moral dilemma over the situation. It would have been more credible to show her resisting at fist and trying to find an antidote independently below reluctantly accepting the situation. It’s also a sign of her gullibility that she accepts the Enforcer actually has an antidote – when captured he admits he doesn’t. The story also brings in a return guest appearance by Spider-Man, and both spiders have now discovered each other’s name. It takes his intervention to break the chain of the Enforcer’s hold but it could have been achieved by Captain Walsh or another character so this does feel like a more gratuitous guest appearance than is necessary. The narrative doesn’t end there but flows into the next tale as Spider-Woman fights the Fly, a minor Spider-Man villain, and Dr Malus, one of a number of scientists who stay on the sidelines helping the supervillain community. Malus, it turns out, invented the dart and cures Scott – but also injects him with a drug that changes him into a new villain, the Hornet.

Over the years there’s been a lot of discussion about the treatment of women in comics and whether they specifically get a raw deal because of their gender or if it’s just the curse of being major spin-off or supporting characters. Much of this debate stems from the Women in Refrigerators website. I’ll come to Spider-Woman’s fate later, but the treatment of Scott could be held up as a case for the argument that it’s really about putting supporting characters through the wringer. The character is confined to a wheelchair due to a past incident but now serves as an information support resource – a decade or so before DC’s Oracle. When he tries to rescue his partner he winds up very much in the damsel in distress role, held hostage to manipulate the hero, and he’s even stored in a refrigerator! Then he gets turned against his will into a monstrous form to fight the hero, similar to Alicia Masters in the Marvel Two-in-One issues reprinted in volume one. And the Hornet particularly brings out a lot of male stereotyping as he’s written as a very macho, sexist man, with Malus’s drugs massively boosting Scott’s testosterone levels. However he’s ultimately cured quite easily – just a week’s rest in which the drugs are naturally purged from his system. I guess it became clear quite quickly that Hornet didn’t have much ongoing potential as a recurring villain.

This is still a big problem for the series, and the relocation to San Francisco doesn’t solve it. Most of the villains in this volume are either imports from other Marvel series who don’t have a direct connection to Spider-Woman, or they’re forgettable localised creations or both. As well as the Enforcer, Hornet and Dr Malus we also get Turner D. Century, Hammer an’ Anvil, Angar the Screamer, the Juggernaut and Black Tom Cassidy, Deathstroke and his Terminators (appearing very soon after Deathstroke the Terminator debuted in DC’s New Teen Titans – I assume this was a coincidence), the Flying Tiger, the Silver Samurai, Cthon, Daddy Longlegs, the Gypsy Moth, Locksmith and Ticktock, as well as the forces of Hydra and various organised crime groups, plus a variety of non-costumed foes including crooked businessmen, corrupt small town officials and the like. The Kingpin shows up but on this occasion as the target to be saved rather than the criminal. Whilst there are a few big names on that list, they’re by and large only around for a single story to serve wider purposes. Otherwise the list is full of second stringers and one-offs. They may make for some good individual tales – Turner D. Century’s crusade to replace modern day “immorality” with traditional values from the 1900s makes for a strong tale about the dangers of taking refuge in an idealised past – but overall they add little value with few personalised rivalries built up. Even when villains from earlier in the series are brought back like the Enforcer or the Gypsy Moth they largely go through the motions rather than add anything particularly spectacular to the series.

The two main exceptions are Morgan le Fay and the Viper. Morgan le Fay pops up several times, and brings the revelation that Spider-Woman grew up near the influence of the demon Cthon and was believed to be a pawn of him, but it feels like a clumsy attempt to shoe-horn in an explanation for why an immortal sorceress is so interested in Spider-Woman. Morgan first tries to enlist Spider-Woman to her side but when rejected she swears vengeance. By virtue of her number of appearances and the level of the conflict Morgan le Fay is basically Spider-Woman’s archenemy but it’s an incredibly imbalanced conflict. Magical arch foes can work when the hero has a suitable power level and a background with myth and magic in it, but here it feels clumsy. The theme of Cthon’s influence also comes up in a multi-part story the Hydra, the Silver Samurai and the Viper. Here we get the revelation that the Viper arranged for Spider-Woman to be recruited into Hydra and she is in fact Jessica’s mother. Yes the mother who was supposed to have died when Spider-Woman’s origin was revised at the start of the series. That particular inconsistency isn’t really resolved here (although later on it would be retconned away) and instead we get a retcon just to reinforce the ties between Spider-Woman and Hydra; ties that have not really played much of a part in the series. And with this (#45) being Claremont’s penultimate issue the ties are swiftly forgotten again for the remainder of the run. I’m not sure what this revelation really adds to either character and once again it shows just how poorly established and developed Spider-Woman’s backstory is. The Cthon link is explored as it’s revealed that the demon has had the Viper as his slave for half a century, hoping to use her to escape from his realm but she proved flawed and so he now hopes to use her daughter. Again this is all mystical stuff that doesn’t really feel naturally connected to Spider-Woman’s more normal run of adventures.

Better handled are Spider-Woman’s supporting cast. By far the most prominent is Jessica’s best friend Lindsay McCabe who is about as close to a depiction of a lesbian as you can get in c1980 Marvel Comics. She sticks with Jessica through thick and thin, and works out her identity early on but doesn’t let on until after she’s been badly injured falling off a roof with the Viper and Jessica decides to confess up. Subsequently she gets involved in further adventures, including giving relationship guidance counselling to the Impossible Woman! (Another female spin-off because the Impossible Man wanted a mate. But neither of them understands relationships which just adds to the madness.) Unfortunately with changing writers she does get left on the side at times – in particular she’s absent from most of the early issues of this volume before a new writer and status quo comes along. Sadly for Lindsay, Jessica finds a boyfriend in San Francisco in the form of David Ishima, their landlord. David brings an early storyline when he discovers the building he’s working on is for a criminal organisation, but otherwise drifts onto the sidelines and it appears the next writer sets things up to ditch him altogether by having him unable to accept both sides of Jessica’s life. However because of the shortness of the run the actual break comes in the very last issue. The one other recurring character of note is Lieutenant Sabrina Morrell of the San Francisco police force who becomes a recurring reluctant ally and associate of both Spider-Woman and Jessica. Like a number of others she is sharp enough to work out the secret identity and she is also a member of the shadowy Yakuza organisation, a Japanese clan. In Claremont’s last issue the Yakuza are revealed as an organisation dedicated to protecting the powerless, whether inside the law or outside it. There is clearly more potential in the Yakuza but once again we get another change, the dropping of possibilities and characters and a new direction for the final few issues.

The last four issues are by Ann Nocenti and see the series wandering once more, almost literally with two of them taken up with a brief return to Los Angeles. Spider-Woman tackles a string of characters who are not bad but rather frustrated with aspects of their lives – a would-be dancer who’s too short until he fools with Giant-Man’s growth serum, the Gypsy Moth just seeking attention and affection, and a runaway boy with no control over psychic powers that cause chaotic destruction whenever he’s upset. All three, plus the guest starring Tigra and other foes are then captured by Locksmith, a former escape artist who saw audiences dwindle due to superheroes and so now captures them and imprisons them in specially designed cells, and his sidekick Ticktock who can foresee the near future. Spider-Woman saves the day halfway through the double-sized issue and we get a strange follow-up as she freely invites everyone to her home for a party, not even caring about her secret identity. Okay a lot of people have figures it out, but she’s hardly gone public with it and taking some former foes is really risky. The party sees her finally break up with David, wiping the slate clean then suddenly Magnus reappears in spirit form after having been completely absent for some four years. He reveals he’s a ghost who takes others’ forms and she’s never seen his real self – once again altering a character from what was see before. Morgan le Fay has been attacking Jessica with illusions but is based in the sixth century and Magnus explains they must astrally travel in time to defeat her, so Spider-Woman’s spirit form laves her body and goes back to do this. But on her return she finds her body dead, thanks to Morgan’s final act. Jessica faces death and asks Magnus to cast a final spell to wipe everyone’s memory of her. Then she walks off into the afterlife and the series ends.

My dislike for the magical elements of the series has been stated enough by now, so all I’ll say on this is that the universal mind wipe is a very easy plot device to remove all traces of the character and cut out loose ends so future writers wouldn’t have to worry about the series. But it brings different problems such as what happens to Spider-Woman’s body? How do all the party guests react to each other when they can’t remember who brought them there? What happens to all the other consequences of Spider-Woman’s actions? It’s bad enough to kill off a character with good potential just because her own series wasn’t selling well enough. But to try to make it as though she’d never existed is even worse. I don’t know if there were developments in corporate or intellectual property practices at the time so I have no idea if it was now the case that Spider-Woman was no longer needed. I suspect not as a new character using the name showed up a year later in Secret Wars – and she also appeared without a clearly defined backstory and set-up at outset. Had somebody realised that the character was a creative mess, with a backstory regularly revised and tied in umpteen knots, and decided that the only solution was to literally wipe the slate clean and start again with a new Spider-Woman? But whatever the reasons it’s a very poor way to end a character’s series, even if it was a pretty poor series anyway.

Of all the Essential volumes I’ve reviewed so far, the two Spider-Woman ones are by far the weakest, because of the ever changing set-ups and poor situations the character is put through. About the only clear idea that ever stuck was “Don’t make her too much of a female Spider-Man”. She’s to be credited for not being a more direct derivative of the male character, and the series understandably tried to avoid being an urban crime-adventure series like its counterparts. But when a core aim is to not be something and another is “be in print” it leaves a complete lack of defining principles and direction. As a result just about every writer brought their own take on the character and there’s little character and situation building across the series as a whole. The result is a massive missed opportunity. The character certainly had potential and interest, and in the right hands could have become a big hit for Marvel. Instead she seemed to be an assignment dumped on writers and it shows. “To know her is to fear her!” proclaimed the tagline on an early version of the logo, used on the volume’s cover (although none of the issues in here use it). I wonder if that reflected how many in Marvel felt at the time?

Wednesday, 4 July 2012

Essential Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man volume 2

We come now to Essential Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man volume 2, containing Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man #32-53, Annuals #1 & 2, Amazing Spider-Man Annual #13, which crosses over with Spectacular Annual #1, the first ever crossover between two Spider-Man titles, and finally Fantastic Four #218, which contains another crossover. I don't think the FF need any special introduction.

The writing is split between the end of Bill Mantlo's first run and Roger Stern's. Mantlo also writes the first annual, a later fill-in and the Fantastic Four issue. Ralph Macchio handles the second annual and Marv Wolfman takes the Amazing annual and also scripts an issue over a co-plot with artist Steve Leialoha. We also get fill-ins by Tony Isabella and Tom DeFalco (his first ever Spider-Man work). The art is more inconsistent with an initial stretch by Jim Mooney giving way to a turbulent period with contributions on regular issues by Lee Elias, Sal Buscema, John Romita Jr, Frank Springer, Mike Zeck, Steve Leialoha, Marie Severin, Denys Cowan and Rick Leonardi. The Spectacular annuals are handled by first Rich Buckler then Jim Mooney, whilst both the Amazing annual and the Fantastic Four issue are drawn by John Byrne (as an aside, the latter is the last issue of FF he drew but didn't write). With a lot of creators the labels for some have been placed in a separate post. It's quite a turnaround from the early days of the series when the art was generally stable but the writing quite turbulent. Fortunately most of the artists are good at maintaining visual continuity with one another so the changes aren't too jarring.

I don't normally comment on the quality of reproduction as the Spider-Man Essentials for the most part have some of the best pages. However three issues in this volume – #40, #43 & Annual #2 – are of decidedly poor quality compared to this norm, with some fuzzy lines on many pages. I'm not sure what could have caused this as they don't show any signs of being scanned from coloured published copies, though as a few pages seem fine it's possible the separations in the archives for these issues were damaged. It's particularly unfortunate given the significance of issue #43, although that didn't become apparent for another seventeen years. Still given the remarkably cheap cost of the Essentials there's hardly any budget for remastering and so it's inevitable that from time to time an issue will be of less than excellent quality.

As for the stories themselves, my main criticism of the previous volume and the basic concept of Spectacular up to now is that the title didn't seem to have a very real purpose for existing and was instead floundering about, despite some good individual contributions. However that criticism is met from the very first issue in this run (#32) as we a distinctive focus on Peter Parker starting his days at graduate school. Leaving his newspaper career primarily to Amazing we thus get a separate supporting cast. As if to emphasise the drawing of lines, the same issue sees Flash Thompson announce he's taking a year out to get himself back together, whilst Hector Ayala and Holly Gillis also move on to run a mobile school in the Bronx. The slate is thus cleared for the introduction of several new characters, such as Dr Sloan, the head of the graduate science department, his secretary Debra Whitman, and fellow teaching assistants Marcy Kane, Steve Hopkins and Chip Martin. In addition Philip Chang, who appeared in a two-part story in Amazing #184-185, returns although his role in most of the stories is a side-kick to Steve and his practical jokes.

However whilst this set-up brings new tensions and dynamics, it also increases one of the main absurdities that Empire State University is one of the biggest breeding grounds for supervillains and treats, to the point that one has to wonder why it hasn't been shut down. In the space of just eight issues we get one visiting professor (Curt Connors) accidentally releasing a new monster the Iguana, whilst the head of the graduate science school (Dr Sloan) accidentally triggers the growth of Swarm, a colony of bees with a collective consciousness and one graduate student (Chip Martin) succumbs to madness and his mental powers, all causing devastation in their wake. It's fortunate that Peter's identity isn't known as he too succumbs, turning into the Spider-Lizard, but he does bring Doctor Octopus's severed tentacle onto campus and cause more destruction, whilst Belladonna's men also raid the science labs to obtain a key chemical. Fortunately after all this there's a stepping back from these endless crises on campus, but when you consider the earlier volume also saw the university spawn the Lightmaster and Carrion it's a wonder nobody has said anything.

But one thing that does get said a lot is Marcy Kane's attitude to Peter, both for his seeming neglect of his studies and his apparent cowardice, often running off in the face of danger. The latter point is not dissimilar to Gwen Stacey's original disdain for Peter (and the coincidence is enhanced by both the fact this is the first major advancement in Peter's academic career since he began college and that once again we're in the #30s of a Spider-Man title) but Marcy isn't taken too far down such a retread route. Instead we get a clash of extremes as Marcy has seemingly worked hard to get where she is and is disdainful of Peter's almost cruise-control journey to the same place. There are hints that there might be relationship potential, but within this volume it's not taken anywhere, in part because there's a growing focus on Debra Whitman instead. Of course for those who've either read or heard about the later Jack of Hearts mini-series will know that Marcy eventually turned out to be concealing a rather extraordinary secret. All I'll say about that for now is that there is absolutely no hint of this whatsoever in these issues so make of that what you will. (For what it's worth the eventual revelation was written by Bill Mantlo, who introduced Marcy in the first place, so at the very least this is not a case of a later writer adding things onto someone else's creation. Whether Mantlo had this planned from the outset or not I have no idea.)

If Marcy has some elements of Gwen about her, it's hard to deny that Debra Whitman has elements of Betty Brant. (However I didn't spot a third woman with elements of Mary Jane.) Debra is Dr Sloan's secretary, and in contrast to the bombshells who normally frequent Peter's dating game, she's more normal. However she's also full of self-doubt, doubts that aren't helped by Peter's sometimes callous attitude to her when he runs out on her. Despite this she's also shown to have her moments of courage, particularly when she smashes Mysterio's helmet. But it's her self-doubt and admitted desire for a man to lean on that seemingly weaken her, making her excessively clingy, especially towards a guy who doesn't quite realise how she's fallen for him. There's some potential there but it's not yet developed and at this stage Peter comes out looking the worse for it, not realising the effect he's having on Debra.

A much faster development comes for Aunt May, who announces her engagement to fellow resident Nathan Lubensky. I guess at their age and with her health especially it's understandable that they know they can't wait around forever, but equally understandable is Peter's shocked reaction and facing the prospect of having a "step-father", given how much he reveres the memory of Uncle Ben. We don't get to see a great deal of Nathan at this stage but he's both a pleasant fellow who makes May happy and brave, showing a willingness to stand up to the aliens who come to kidnap her in the restaurant.

One notable sign of the run is that several villains from the early years are used but rather than just having repeat fights with Spider-Man that get tired there are often additional factors and layers added to them. In this regard Doctor Octopus's appearance in the Amazing/Spectacular annual crossover is very much the exception but I've already given my criticisms of that when covering it in the Amazing run. Amongst other villains we get the first developments of the Vulture's background as we get to meet his sole living relative, his nephew Malachai Toomes, and I think this is the first time that surname has been used. There's a real sense of familial loyalty between the two, making for an ever greater sense of pain when Malachai dies taking a bullet intended for his uncle. Nor is he the only villain with an unlikely sidekick who meets a tragic death – the Tinkerer is similarly distraught over the death of Toy, who turns out to be a real living action figure. Another notable development comes with the latest appearance of Morbius, who for once ends a story seemingly cured of the vampire curse, thanks to a combination of Spider-Man's blood and lightning. Whilst you can never rely on any villain being neutralised permanently, it's good to see some effort finally being made to limit a character who's never really fitted well into Spider-Man's world. More intriguingly is the first ever reuse of the aliens from wayback in Amazing #2. Whilst the Tinkerer had long since been retconned to be a human after all, the aliens had not been revisited until now and they remained one of the more outlandish concepts of the early years. We now learn that they weren't aliens afterall but in fact an early scheme by Mysterio before he first donned his goldfish bowl. It's an interesting addition to the early tales that helps undo one of the early absurdities in such a way that the aliens can't be reused. As they weren't the most memorable of early villains it's no significant loss. Another Ditko-era villain who reappears for the first time since then is the Cat Burglar, who now becomes the new & criminal incarnation of the Prowler. Once again he largely performs an henchman role, this time serving Belladonna.

Spider-Man's lack of many significant female villains has always stood out so when one is created there's usually higher expectations than normal. Belladonna has some potential – a memorable name, a good character design, reasonably unique abilities (in this case her chemical skills to produce the gases), a good degree of ruthlessness and so forth – but is completely let down by having such a focused motivation of revenge on one man, Roderick Kingsley, that there isn't really a way to open her out to be a more reusable foe. But I wonder how many readers of her initial appearance (#43) ever guessed at the time that the also-introduced Roderick Kingsley would go on to become one of Spider-Man's most significant foes, even though the revelation wouldn't come for another seventeen years? Kingsley is portrayed as rather volatile here, on one occasion laying into Spider-Man, on another getting worried when he believes the webslinger is working for Belladonna, which makes one wonder just how he's managed to have been so ruthless in the fashion and cosmetics industry. Of course his creator, Roger Stern, would later reveal how the two different sides of Kingsley co-existed quite easily – was this all part of a plan from the outset or did Stern realise his mistake and seek to work a correction in as part of his late master plan? Of course if one reads these issues without the benefit of hindsight then it just feels like sloppy, inconsistent characterisation.

Amongst other villains brought back is the Meteor Man in a one-off fill-in in issue #41 that also guest stars the Bill Foster Giant-Man (he's changed his name from the rather awkward "Black Goliath" – why did so many black characters have to have that prefix on their name?!). It's an okay story but really it feels like an issue of Marvel Team-Up that's wandered out of that title's filing cabinet and into Spectacular purely to fill in a gap in the run. The second Spectacular annual has a similar feel. Continuity-wise it shows Peter working for the Bugle despite coming out during his Globe days, and for that matter it's very much focused on the newspaper side of his life, and Silvermane has made a remarkable recovery from his fall at the hands of the Goblin. New character the Rapier is a contemporary of Silvermane's, yet appears as young as the Maggia boss has now become, forgetting that he was originally an octogenarian who was rejuvenated. Once again it feels very much like a random story had sat on file for a while before being wheeled out when needed and in whatever title. Whilst presumably a wise move to ensure fill-ins were always available to go to press, from a narrative point of view the practice throws up tales that feel out of place. But at least the latter one is in an annual and not the regular ongoing strip.

There are two-other team-ups of note in the run. The first is the crossover with Fantastic Four, in which Electro becomes the new fourth member of the FF's foes, the Frightful Four (who also contain the Sandman so there is at least one permanent Spider-Man connection). Spider-Man and the Fantastic Four have a long history of interaction and so it's appropriate that they should be the focus of one of the earliest Spider-Man crossovers, whilst it also helps that Bill Mantlo writes both issues (he was just finishing a three issue stint on the title – a very short permanent assignment or a prolonged fill-in job?). However overall this crossover falls into the trap of so many others in that it doesn't really serve a great purpose beyond "forcing" readers of one title to pick up another if they want to get the complete story (although obviously that's less of a hassle when the issue is included in the Essential run). To the best of my knowledge Electro's membership of the Frightful Four never lasted beyond this tale and otherwise there are no significant developments in Spidey's relationship with the Fantastic Four that could merit such a crossover.

A more personalised story comes with the brief return of the White Tiger near the end of the volume's run. This starts with three issues (#49-51) in which the main story is shortened and we get a back-up White Tiger solo strip. This particular production trick of splitting off subplots into separate stories with their own artists may be essential for keeping a book on schedule but can feel like a cheat for the readers, especially if, as in this case, the early parts aren't directly related to the main feature. After all the title is Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man and not Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man and Hector Ayala, The White Tiger. That said the Tiger has been a supporting character in earlier issues and so at least it's one step up from a random outside hero taking pages. And the Tiger's story is certainly advanced as he comes home to find his familiar murdered – again a warning to other heroes about letting their secret identities be revealed. The Tiger's search for the killers almost ends in his own death, leading to a full-length issue in which Spider-Man takes up the task of bringing in the killers, a private terrorist group led by an ex-army officer determined to wipe out the superhero community. The story sees a closure (for now) of the White Tiger's story as Hector decides to abandon the identity, successfully removing the amulets that had fed him power, and he and Holly decide to leave New York completely to start a new life elsewhere. Whilst a pretty dark and downbeat story, it allows the character to be written out permanently with dignity rather than just be left hanging around the sidelines.

In general this volume of Spectacular shows the series permanently establishing itself with its own settings and characters, although as ever these can take a little time to take root and fill-in issues don't help. But in general it does the trick of balancing its own developments and creations with a respect for Spider-Man's long history and a willingness to mine some of the more obscure corners of that history. It also manages to avoid too heavy a reliance upon events in Amazing – indeed one could now conceivably just read Spectacular on its own and generally not have to worry about "missing out" on key points in the other titles. This is a second series for a character that's now clearly on its feet and is all the better for it.

Essential Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man volume 2 - creator labels

Once again we have a volume with a lot of creators, so here's a separate post to carry the labels for some of them.

Monday, 2 July 2012

Essential Spider-Man volume 9

Now we come to Essential Spider-Man volume 9 which reprints Amazing Spider-Man #186-210, Annuals #13 & 14 and Peter Parker, The Spectacular Spider-Man Annual #1, which crosses over with Amazing Annual #13, the first ever crossover between two Spider-Man titles.

(If you’re wondering what happened to Annual #12, it was another all reprint issue representing Amazing #119 & 120 – Spidey’s battle with the Hulk, no doubt to tie in with both characters’ TV series which were running at the time.)

The issues in this volume cover the bulk of Marv Wolfman’s run from #186-204 & Annual #13, then the start of Denny O’Neil’s run from issues #207-210 & Annual #14. #205 & 206 are fill-ins written by David Michelinie (his first ever Spider-Man story) and Roger Stern respectively, whilst Spectacular Annual #1 is written by Bill Mantlo. The art is a little more unstable, with Keith Pollard forming the backbone up to #205 but with Jim Starlin, John Byrne, Al Milgrom and Sal Buscema all doing various issues en route. Then the book enters a state of flux with John Byrne, Jim Mooney, John Romita Jr and Alan Weiss each handling an issue in succession before the final issue announces John Romita Jr as the permanent penciller. The Amazing annuals are drawn by John Byrne and Frank Miller, and the Spectacular one by Rich Buckler. Due to the large number of creators, the labels have been placed in a separate post.

Wolfman’s run is practically non-stop, taking Spidey through some incredible highs and lows. In the first issue contained here, Spidey gets some wonderful luck as District Attorney Blake Tower clears him of the accusations of murdering Captain Stacey and Norman Osborn. This gives him relief from the hassle of the police and a period of general popularity, with even interest from merchandisers (and some good in-jokes about the Spider-Man TV series), but there’s always one dissenter and J. Jonah Jameson keeps up the pressure. Jonah has his own cycle of despair in this volume, starting with his son’s kidnap and seeming death in battle with Spider-Man, and culminating in a nervous breakdown. In the course of events Jonah at one stage winds up shackled to Spider-Man and a bomb due to go off after twenty-four hours and we get one of the best looks at Jonah’s relationship with Spider-Man. In subsequent issues Jonah breaks down completely and starts firing key Bugle staff, including both Robbie and Peter, before succumbing completely and being hospitalised. Robbie is brought back to the Bugle to take over from Jonah, only to find he too is succumbing to stress and anger. It’s a strong look at the trials and tribulations many bosses go through and offers us a strong insight into the kind of man Jonah is beneath the bluster...

Or rather, it would if not for an abrupt change of tact. Issue #206 is perhaps the most dreaded type of all – a fill-in assignment that tries to wrap up previous authors’ plotlines in a single issue. And so we get the revelation that the Bugle editor’s office has been the target of Dr Jonas Harrow’s Mental Attitude-Response Variator Ray. Harrow had been a shadowy figure over many issues, creating or modifying supervillains like Hammerhead, Will o’ the Wisp and the Kangaroo, but now he gets rapidly taken down by Spider-Man, whilst Jonah and Robbie end the story with their mental states back to normal. As well as being an incredibly glib way to treat the subject of mental illness this also bears all the hallmarks of a Reset Switch approach to the series, as development is chucked aside in favour of a quickie restoration of the traditional status quo.

The same approach is taken to Peter’s time at the Daily Globe. As noted above Peter is fired by Jonah, but then gets snatched up by the Bugle’s rival with the mysterious publisher, K.J. Clayton, being especially keen to have him aboard. (Peter’s actual arrival at the Globe is a little blurred in this volume, with his first assignment taking place in Fantastic Four #207 which isn’t reprinted here – and for that matter it hasn’t yet been reached by Essential Fantastic Four – possibly because that issue was a fill-in and may have been taken from file. It’s hard to say what happens there without the issue to hand.) With Peter on staff and even having his own office there’s a whole new set of dynamics in the workplace, particularly in his interactions with journalist April Maye who finds his running off infuriating, especially as on their first meeting she was trying to get lunch with him. Throw in Editor-in-chief Barney Bushkin who is almost over-enthusiastic for Peter’s work and it’s a good change of pace from the familiar routine of the Bugle, whilst the never-seen Clayton brings a strong mystery. Unfortunately this is all ditched in a single issue in which Clayton is revealed as an old woman who hired a young actress to pose as her and circulation manager Rupert Dockery (an import from the Spider-Woman series, and I'll discuss him in more depth there, although curiously the former Courier publisher has been accepted into middle management) tries to have them both killed to take over the Globe. The confrontation ends with Clayton retiring without ever revealing why she was so interested in Peter’s work, the Globe suspending publication and the very final panel of the issue (and volume) shows Jonah ringing Peter to hire him again. Once again the Reset Switch is thrown and everything is undone. Before Spider-Man had gone through many changes and avoided the inertia of an unchangeable status quo. But here we get the tendency for new writers to rapidly wipe the slate clean and undo their predecessors’ developments, an unhelpful sign.

But that’s not say all reversions are necessarily bad. Way back in issues #141-142 the death of the original Mysterio was casually announced and we were given a new Mysterio who wasn’t really that bold or different enough to justify a replacement. Now the original is brought back, having merely faked his death so that a successor would take on his role whilst he worked more discretely. Mysterio’s new scheme of running a retirement home and inducing the residents to leave their property to him is a far more subtle (and more borderline legal) crime than his past exploits but it shows the character learning from the past cycle of crime-fight-imprisonment and the realisation of a need for a more subtle approach out of sight. Unfortunately he hadn’t reckoned on the problems that would follow from the admission of one resident, May Parker.

It’s worth remembering that for a long time many fans wondered if Aunt May would ever be allowed to die given her numerous heart attacks, and this led to some quite vocal demands for her to be killed off altogether – one such is the article entitled “Aunt May Must Die!” in FantaCo’s Chronicles Series #5, the Spider-Man issue of an early 1980s series focusing on the background of popular comics series. (Its check-list of all the issues printed up until mid 1982 has been incredibly helpful in writing these reviews as I can verify issue numbers at a glance.) So when at the end of issue #195 Peter gets home to find a telegram telling him that Aunt May has passed away (and on this occasion I think the off-panel nature of the death works as it increases Peter’s sense of despair), to be followed by the cover of the next issue showing Peter at May’s grave, I am sure many readers believed that Marvel had finally done it. Just to twist the knife in Peter even further is the involvement of the Burglar who killed Uncle Ben all those years ago.

With distractions en route by Mysterio and the Kingpin (another return from the dead but it was a classic “disappeared in a collapsing structure” “death” so that doesn’t count) the series races towards the double-sized issue #200 in which Spider-Man takes on his very first foe once more. It’s a surprisingly intense and personal issue, made all the stronger as Spider-Man has been injected with a depressant that makes him lose his spider-powers. But there is so much more to Spider-Man than strength, the ability to stick to walls and his spider-sense, as we see Peter going all out to track down the mystery of who trashed Aunt May’s house and why. There are no super-villains in the issue, and instead we see Peter playing detective as he discovers the Burglar (who is wisely never actually named here) is involved and why – the Parker home was once owned by a gangster in the Prohibition era who hid his money there when he went to prison, where he shared a cell with the Burglar before dying. The Burglar was trying to recover the loot. (I am a little sceptical about this because whilst I don’t know how many times US notes have been changed, inflation was such that by the late 1970s what had been a fortune fifty years earlier would now be worth rather less. But then criminals in comic books aren’t always the most rational of beings and once committed to obtaining something many will keep going no matter what.) The story also sees Spider-Man revisit the site of his first great failure, the television station where he refused to stop the Burglar. Now he gets the chance to partially redeem himself by stopping another thief being chased by the same security guard. Just to add to the sense of full circle the climax of the story takes place in the same warehouse where we learn that Aunt May is alive after all, her death having been faked by Mysterio and the Burglar just to stop Peter finding out what they were up to. We also get the first ever flashback that actually shows Ben’s death as he tried to protect May that night. In just a few panels we see that Ben died a hero, and that Peter has inherited his values, and that May had the horror of seeing her husband shot and die at her side. All of these revelations fit perfectly around the original story in Amazing Fantasy #15, never once altering any of the key details or introducing unnecessary aspects. We get an amazing climax as Spider-Man chases the Burglar through the warehouse, revealing his identity in the process, but declaring that he won’t kill his foe as that would make him no better “and if I’ve learned anything – it’s that with great power there also comes GREAT RESPONSIBILITY!” However the Burglar is so scared and dies of a heart attack. Finally we get a major step forward in Aunt May’s relationship with Spider-Man as she learns to trust him and let him help her. The epilogue sees her recovering, and brings the ironic revelation that silverfish had long ago eaten away the money, whilst the final page sees Spider-Man realise that his powers have also enhanced his moral values and he can never give up. This is a magnificent anniversary issue that revisits the character’s origins and literally propels him forward as a permanent fixture.

(Oh and issue #200 has an interesting note on the question of who created Spider-Man. The splash page begins “200 issues ago, Stan Lee & Steve Ditko created a classic!” but further down it states “Spidey’s creator Stan (the Man) Lee...” So I assume the banner line means the story rather than the character. I’m reluctant to take this as a “definitive Marvel statement” on the matter because I don’t know if the issue was disputed at high level back in 1979, and one should always be cautious in situations where fans are more obsessed with a disputed question than the companies involved, with the latter not always making an effort to ensure every single utterance is consistent.)

Whilst Spider-Man’s values of justice are enhanced, this volume also sees Peter Parker going through some more dubious personal affairs. His relationship with Mary Jane is finally finished in this volume, following her rejection of his proposal at the end of the last one, particularly after a string of rescue dates are stopped by Spider-Man activities, and she leaves his life for good (for now). In her place we get three concepts in one – the ex, the rebound and the married woman, all in the form of Betty Brant-Leeds. Having left Ned she becomes very clingy around Peter, wanting him clearly. Peter is uncertain at first but then we get the big misstep when he sleeps Betty. (I’m aware some dispute this but I think issue #189 is pretty clear where one page ends with the two snogging and the next page has a caption commenting on discretion and so picking things up several hours later – this is as blatant as they could be at the time.) Following this Peter starts to agree with her that things can happen. But then Ned returns and punches Peter’s lights out before dragging Betty away. Peter soon comes to the conclusion that Betty would be better off with her husband, but goes about this in a monumentally appalling way when he declares them both “loonies” and tells Betty “you were just convenient... you showed up when Mary Jane jilted me.” He doesn’t mean this but is trying to push her back and instead shatters her, in a move that alienates other friends like Flash and Harry as well (although they later learn he didn’t mean it). Betty may well be extremely clingy and difficult to throw off, but Peter can be a real jerk when it comes to personal relations. After this the main focus of Peter’s love life shifted to Spectacular where he started dating Debbie Whitman and the two are seen on dates in the last few Amazing issues here. However we also meet the first woman in Spider-Man’s (as opposed to Peter Parker’s) life.

It’s an unfortunate feature that there are very few prominent female supervillains, not just in Spider-Man’s rogues’ gallery but in comics generally. So my initial reaction to the Black Cat was to assume she was a Catwoman knock-off, though wisely there’s a strong emphasis on her bringing bad luck and her relationship with her father to distance her from Selina Kyle. Her attraction to Spider-Man is upfront from the start but it gets silly at the end of her second appearance where she’s revealed to have developed an obsession with him as a substitute for her father. (This may be another casualty of the changing writers as the issue in question, #205, is the first after Marv Wolfman left.) Otherwise there’s an almost playful element to her encounters with Spider-Man and both acknowledge it, upping the dilemma. At the end of issue #205 Spider-Man takes the Cat off to get psychiatric help and it feels such a waste of an intriguing character. (In fact she would be back later.) For those hoping for a relationship between Spider-Man and another costumed figure, there’s another candidate seen in issue #203 which has an early appearance by the Dazzler in preparation for her own series. After Spider-Man saves her from the Lightmaster, the final panel suggests it could be the start of something. Now there’s a missed opportunity!

The other big “event” of this volume is the first ever crossover between Spider-Man titles with a two-part Doctor Octopus story, but rather than run it in the regular monthlies it instead appears in the annuals, perhaps a sign of continued caution and a wish to keep the two monthly books as distinct as possible. A similar approach is taken with the annuals, with the Amazing part focusing on Doc Ock’s return and Spider-Man’s mission to prove that a secret agent was murdered, with help from a mysterious man who turns out to be the agent’s ghost. The Spectacular part involves Doc Ock’s plan to hijack a nuclear submarine, with the complication that one of his tentacles was torn off in his earlier encounter with Spidey. It’s another action piece but feels a little routine. As the first crossover it was natural to use Spidey’s greatest active villain but this is a bit too formulaic for a series that so frequently went beyond such measures. However it’s hardly the first time, or even the first annual, that Doc Ock has been the lead villain simply because it’s a job for the arch-enemy. The other annual in this volume (#14) is more forgettable, containing a team-up between Spider-Man and Dr Strange as they take on an agent of Dormammu and Dr Doom. The emphasis is a little too much on Dr Strange, with Spider-Man not even appearing until the end of page 14 of this forty-page tale. Whilst there’s an understandable desire to team up the two biggest Ditko co-creations, it should be on more balanced terms. Or else the story should have been run either in Dr Strange’s own title or in Marvel Team-Up.

In general there aren’t that many changes to Spider-Man’s Rogues’ Gallery in this volume beyond the addition of the Black Cat and the return of the original Mysterio. There are a few new villains in the O’Neil issues but apart from Kraven’s lady friend Calypso they all feel silly and one-off like Mesmero or Fusion. However there is one major change as a dying Spencer Smythe seeks vengeance against not just Spider-Man but also Jonah. Smythe was always one of the more minor villains anyway and mad scientists are two a penny so his death (and it’s certainly intended to be a permanent death with a corpse shown) doesn’t really remove anything major from the series. And it comes in a dramatic showdown as Jonah is forced to once again face up to the consequences, even though Smythe in his madness has forgotten his own enthusiasm for the Spider-Slayers.

For the most part this volume shows one of the most consistently solid periods on Spider-Man, apart from the letdown at the end which is an example of how new writers can often be incredibly careless with pre-existing plotlines. Otherwise there’s a lot of development in these issues, putting Spider-Man through some quite intense and personal situations but eventually winning through. My favourite issue in this volume is easily #200 but there are many great moments throughout it.

Essential Spider-Man volume 9 - creator labels

Here we have a volume with a lot of creators, so here's a separate post to carry the labels for some of them.