X-Factor 39 - Inferno

Cyclops's eyes are fully opened.

X-Factor #39

Writer: Louise Simonson
Penciler: Walter Simonson
Inker: Allen Milgrom
Letterer: Joe Rosen
Colorist: Gregory Wright
Editor: Bob Harras
Editor-in-Chief: Tom DeFalco

At the ruins of the mansion the newly arrived Beast and Longshot fight against Mr Sinister and Malice/Polaris whilst the rest of X-Factor and the X-Men recover. Cyclops finds Mr Sinister is blocking his eye power and starts to remember him from his youth, including how he arrived in the hospital where Scott was taken after a plane crash and intervened when the young mutant's force blast blew a hole in the roof, knocking him out for a year. Sinister explains how he discovered Scott when the latter used his powers to reduce the impact of falling from a plane then had him transferred to an orphanage he ran and arranged for his brother Alex to be adopted to keep them apart. However before he could act Scott ended up with Professor Xavier and so Sinister prepared a trap by cloning Jean Grey then using Madelyne to secure a baby with potential. When the real Jean Grey reappeared Sinister set about cutting his losses now he had the child. Havok attacks but Sinister is unaffected and has no interest in the second Summers brother, ordering Malice/Polaris to kill him. Sinister continues to explain how he put blocks on Scott's power and buried his presence so no telepath could detect it but ultimately couldn't control the blasts with mental powers and had to resort to ruby quartz glasses. The others recover and through a telepathic conference they co-ordinate an attack, first knocking out Malice/Polaris then Wolverine disposes of Sabretooth. They release Havok who taunts his brother and fires plasma blasts at him which only have the effect of powering him up. Sinister breaks free and grabs Jean to kiss her. This riles Cyclops who overcomes Sinister's block and blasts him to fragments. Cyclops congratulates Havok on his tactics in powering him up as the X-Men head for home. Cyclops reflects on how he been vaguely aware of what he now knows was Sinister's influence and it drove him to try to be perfect but failed over the years.

And so we get to the final main chapter of Inferno (though there are several epilogue issues to come) with a showdown with Mr Sinister and more retcons to establish him as a longstanding presence in Cyclops's life. Why he has been so interested in one Summers brother but doesn't want the other is not explained beyond a "I could have if I chose" boast. I'm not sure just how much of Scott's childhood from the plane accident to the orphanage had been covered before the run-up to Inferno or just what if any contradictions there were in different accounts of those days that this telling sorts out but the insertion of Mr Sinister as a presence throughout his life is clearly intended to explain some of the awkward characterisation over the years, most obviously his desertion of Madelyne. The script doesn't quite go so far as to have Mr Sinister say that the desertion was directly because of him - indeed he instead blames it on Jean luring Scott to X-Factor - but Archangel voices it. It is as if the villain is intended to be a stand-in for the higher hand of editors over the years who have forced so much upon the titles that has had to be adapted to. But whilst it's possible for readers in the know to blame editors not writers for some of the messes, and there's also the reasonable defence that this development took place before Louise Simonson started writing the title, within the narrative it is still a weakness to resort to a supervillain manipulating everything as an excuse for past terrible characterisation.

There are many alternative ways the situation could have been handled but most of them required doing things differently when the series was created. Perhaps Jean could have been left for dead after all and the fifth female member of X-Factor could have been someone else - perhaps Polaris (a Silver Age member of the X-Men) or Dazzler (as seems to have been the original plan) or even a new character. Maybe Scott could have convinced Madelyne he had to return to his days in the costume and even taken her with him rather than just leaving her the moment the news of Jean's resurrection came. Having both one's wife and ex girlfriend around could have made for some interesting dynamics especially with the complication that Madelyne looked just like Jean. But all this required doing the start of the series differently. Instead first Scott walked out, then a large amount of time passed before he even tried to contact Madelyne and then a big crossover event (the Mutant Massacre) took up multiple issues so by the time a new writer was able to get him to travel back to Alaska it was not credible for his absence to have been a sufficiently short time for an easy reconciliation. The solution of just simply making Madelyne disappear as though she had never been there was tried, with the additional question of whether she had somehow been an amnesiac Jean all along to continue the long running tease, but it was insufficient especially once another writer brought her back. And so ultimately we get a tale of long-term manipulation with this issue adding elements to make Scott look better. It may convince Archangel but it's easy to see why many fans never truly accepted the explanation and Cyclops never fully recovered as a character.

It's also surprising just how major a factor Mr Sinister has been given how few issues he's been in. This is only the seventh comic he's appeared in and six of them have been chapters of Inferno. Although built up as a series unseen force there's something awkward about one-off villains being used to explain major story developments over multiple years. Also of surprise is that Sinister's relationship with Scott at the orphanage is not explained further. The hints all point to this "father" of Madelyne being Nathan (hence the son is named after all three of his "grandfathers"), the boy who tormented Scott and this has since been revealed as the planned origin of the character. However he gets killed off pretty quickly and doesn't return from the dead until later writers were on the title who infused their own ideas. "Mr Sinister" is actually quite a silly name for a villain, the sort of thing a child would come up with and the idea that one actually did is worth exploring more. Over the whole crossover there's been a lot of potential shown for the character and it's easy to see why he went on to become one of the leading X-Men villains not just in the comics themselves but also being an early presence in the toys and 1990s cartoon but he could have used at least one more story with his creator to be refined further. Also killed off surprisingly easy is Sabretooth as Wolverine casually deploys his claws though Sinister's use of cloning technology and the surprise resurrection of other Marauders provides a clear way to revive the character.

This is a surprisingly low key resolution to such a big crossover with just the two teams and three villains on a pile of rubble at the end and only one other character shown in a flashback. But Mr Sinister has not been directly part of the story of demons from Limbo invading Earth and instead has been the driving force behind the creation of Madelyne who got out of everyone's control. This is more of an epilogue to the main event and this probably explains why this issue and Uncanny X-Men #243 were not included on the advert for Inferno back in the summer of 1988. But it's still essential to the overall story as it resolves the role of Mr Sinister and brings closure for both X-Factor and the X-Men.

As an action showdown this is a strong piece. But as a retcon trying to fix one of the biggest problems caused by the creation of the series it's not the best approach, resorting to long-term manipulation by a basically new supervillain. However at this stage, and to be honest probably for the preceding couple of years, there isn't really a way to absolve Cyclops in a fully convincing way. At best one can parody the external influence that created the situation and it's not Simonson's fault that the problem was created. So this issue does as best as it can.

Uncanny X-Men 243 - Inferno

There's a sinister presence in both Jean's mind and the mansion.

Uncanny X-Men #243

Writer: Chris Claremont
Penciler: Marc Silvestri
Guest Inker: Hilary Barta
Letterer: Joe Rosen
Colorist: Glynis Oliver
Editor: Bob Harras
Editor in Chief: Tom DeFalco

In the aftermath of the Inferno Jean suddenly cries out in pain and erects a force globe. To help her Psylocke takes Cyclops, Wolverine and Storm into her mind where they find Jean's memories interspersed with Phoenix's and Madelyne's with Mr Sinister steadily destroying Phoenix's memories. It becomes clear that Jean and Madelyne's essences are merging but Mr Sinister will destroy them if not stopped. The Madelyne portion initially refuses to help, preferring to see them destroyed but after appeals by Wolverine and Storm and the appearance of Mr Sinister a united Jean erupts with power and expels Sinister from her mind. Jean discovered Sinister was coming from Professor Xavier's mansion and so most of the two teams head there in two groups, one flying and the other through the Morlock tunnel link, whilst the Beast and Longshot take Jean's parents and Nathan Christopher Charles to the surface of Ship for safety. There Longshot and the Beast argue over who should go to join the others. The group heading through the tunnel encounter the Marauder Blockbuster, still transformed into a demonic form and not reverted despite the end of the Limbo magic. Most are overwhelmed but Havok blasts him down and admits he's changed to now do what is necessary with his power. In the mansion's hanger Sabretooth attacks Psylocke and Rogue but the former mind blasts him down. The others find the mansion ransacked and are attacked by Malice/Polaris who is quickly taken down but proclaims that the two have merged into a gestalt and will be killed before being separated. Storm threatens her/them unless she/they talk when suddenly a huge explosion destroys the mansion. Mr Sinister appears and pulls Jean from the rubble then orders Malice/Polaris to kill the unconscious rest only for Longshot to arrive to defend them.

This is the issue that proclaims itself to be both "The 25th Anniversary Issue of the Uncanny X-Men and 150th Issue of the New X-Men". Although slightly late for the former it does nevertheless bring a lot of elements from the past. With the presence of Polaris all seven of the Silver Age X-Men are now present (and even Professor Xavier gets a cameo in the form of a shard of Jean's memory). There's a flashback to the most famous story in the book's history, the Dark Phoenix Saga, as well as a call-back to one of the most memorable from more recent times, the battle between Psylocke and Sabretooth. And there's a return to where it all began at the X-Men's mansion. We even get to see all of the different costumes the various versions of Jean have worn over the years. But this is no wallowing in nostalgia with continued clear signs of how the X-Men have been permanently changed by the magic of Inferno such that even their psychic forms are different. Havok has come to terms with using his power to kill when necessary. Storm is ruthless with Malice/Polaris, willing to risk killing her to obtain information. Psylocke quickly takes down Sabretooth showing how far she has come since their earlier conflict. Longshot realises what he became under the influence of the magic and worries he is still a "nastyman" who could betray his teammates. And the changes are not confined to the X-Men with Jean also transformed.

By effectively merging the memories of Jean, Jean-Phoenix and Madelyne the resulting composite is able to fully take the place of the Jean who was killed off over a hundred issues ago and easily interact with characters who don't know they were two different people. This seemingly includes the X-Men who still haven't been told how Jean was found alive and that the woman they saw die was the Phoenix force impersonating her. Along with the restoration of her telepathic powers it's a step towards fixing some of the remaining confusion caused by the requirements first to kill her off and then to bring her back that have caused so many of the problems that this whole crossover has sought to resolve. Jean is now vengeful, fully understanding Madelyne's pain and anger at being an artificial lifeform created, used and discarded by Sinister, and is determined to stop him for good. Cyclops is shocked by the implications but the X-Men do not dispute Jean's assertion that this is true to Xavier's dream that led him to found the school in the first place.

The ruthless destructive nature can be found on both sides with the mansion completely destroyed by Sinister. It's not the first time the mansion has been destroyed and won't be the last but it reflects the way that throughout much of Chris Claremont's run this has been a series about change and moving forwards, not resting on its laurels in a perpetual status quo. But it also avoids predictability by showing that not all the changes of Inferno are permanent with Longshot's fears seemingly groundless when the cliffhanger shows him standing up to Mr Sinister and Malice/Polaris in defence of his teammates.

Mr Sinister has been a presence at the edge of the X-Men's life for some time now, with the character first mentioned during the Mutant Massacre two years earlier and then first appearing in issue #221 but only fully confronting the team for the first time in this issue. It's been a steady build-up that has kept the character as a mysterious force to be reckoned with but also gives this anniversary issue another sense of moving forwards rather than back by using a significant villain for effectively the first time. The casual way in which he uses and discards others and even calmly tells Malice/Polaris this when she is trying to assert herself all add to the menace.

This presents itself as a double anniversary issue and does a lot to live up to that without becoming the sort of inconsequential wallowing in nostalgia and reunions that some anniversary issues have been. Instead it takes many elements from the series's past and fuses them together to push things on and show this is a book clearly going forwards not back.

Spectacular Spider-Man 148 - Inferno

Betty Leeds and Flash Thompson encounter demons and not just the ones who've come from Limbo.

Spectacular Spider-Man #148

Script: Gerry Conway
Art: Sal Buscema
Letters: Rick Parker
Color: Bob Sharen
Editor: Jim Salicrup
Editor in Chief: Tom DeFalco

Betty Leeds has been staying with Flash Thompson since she was rescued from a cult. She has a vision in which her former husband Ned rises from the grave along with Gwen Stacey and Spider-Man who admits he isn't even dead. Coming to her senses she and Flash opt to stay in the flat, the only occupants of the building to do so, and keep out the demons. Flash tells her not to use the gas heater from his camping equipment indoors because of the danger. He goes up to the roof to board up the door only to be attacked by Spider-Man. Down in the apartment the decayed corpse of Ned breaks through a window and chases after Betty. Flash is webbed to the television antenna by Spider-Man who removes the connection to the lightning rod so that the next bolt to hit will kill Flash. Flash releases himself with a screwdriver and realises this isn't Spider-Man. He pulls off "Spidey's" mask to reveal a monstrous face. In the flat Betty hides in a living room and remembers the men she depended on who died including her brother Bennett and then Ned when she sees an image of Ned's ghost telling her she can't depend on them and she has to save herself. She determines to take control and confronts the corpse form which reveals itself to be a demon impersonating her husband. Flash and the demonic Spider-Man crash off the roof and into the flat whereupon Betty shoves the camping gas heater into one of the demons and tells Flash to run as she's broken the valve. They get out just before it explodes, killing both demons. Outside they see things returning to normal and the Empire State Building its regular size. Spider-Man swings by in the distance and they realise they were saved not by heroes outside but the heroes within them.

The final Spider-Man issue of Inferno is an oddity, detached from the rest. Was it a product of confusion over the schedules or did somebody feel that with so many other members of the supporting cast given moments throughout the crossover it was right to look in on Betty and Flash? Either way we get a very close and personal tale in which the star of the book only appears in one panel. Instead there's a focus on two individuals and how they have developed.

Betty Leeds (née Brant) has not a good time over the years. She was Peter's girlfriend but his responsibility as Spider-Man kept coming between them. Her brother was shot dead right in front of her. She married Ned Leeds but it was an unhappy marriage and she twice had affairs. Then she discovered was the Hobgoblin and he was killed not long after. She had a breakdown and ended up in the hands of a cult until Spider-Man and Flash rescued her. It's been a pretty rough ride for her and time and again she's come to rely on others, losing so many along the way. Now even Flash isn't present when the demon comes into the flat. The scenes as she realises that only she can save herself are strong though tempered by inspiration coming from what appears to be the ghost of Ned but could just be her subconscious speaking.

Flash also gets some good moments as he thinks about both the situation in the city and his own situation, reflecting on how he's come from the days as a high school sports star but also that he regrets some of the choices he took. Spider-Man is still his hero which makes the demon taking his form all the more hurtful. The demon plays on how he clings to past glories and his hero worship of the real Spider-Man. But Flash proves he still has what he needs as he manages to break free of his bonds and then use his sports experience to fight the demon (who unmasked looks rather like Spider-Carnage later would - was this where the inspiration came from?) and dodge the attacks. Again it's a tale of personal discovery.

This is a surprising good little tale that could be easily overlooked. It doesn't contain big name villains or major developments but instead gives two of the longest standing supporting cast members their own chance to shine in a situation where there's no help coming. It shows that you don't need flashy moments or big names but just good well told stories and strong characters.

Amazing Spider-Man 313 - Inferno

Multiple searches for family members see the unexpected slithering in.

Amazing Spider-Man #313

Writer: David Michelinie
Art: Todd McFarlane
Lettering: Rick Parker
Color: Bob Sharen & John Wilcox
Editor: Jim Salicrup
Editor in Chief: Tom DeFalco

Peter and Mary Jane take a taxi out to Aunt May's house in Queens, narrowly avoiding a giant shark swimming in the air of the Midtown Tunnel. In Queens they learn Aunt May has headed off to Manhattan to find them so Peter sets off again, missing Aunt May who returns as public transport is down. Meanwhile Martha and Billy Connors are driving into New York to see their estranged husband/father who has recently got control over his transformation into the Lizard. However in New York Curt Connors has lost control amidst the Inferno. Spider-Man searches for May and concludes she may have gone to the university campus so heads there, dealing with a giant parade balloon of himself that has come to life on the way. On campus a possessed security guard lures Martha and Billy into the library and unleashes demons from the card catalogue but the Lizard intervenes as he wants them for himself. Then Spider-Man arrives, knocks out the Lizard and administers the formula to cure him. At first it doesn't work and he realises he needs an electric shock to reinforce it. The Lizard's left arm proves to be under the control of Connors and grabs a cable and applies it to transform him back. Curt tells his wife and son they must stay away from him and he will make arrangements through an intermediary. Mary Jane arrives by cab and tells Spidey May is safe at home. Meanwhile in a prison Jonathan Caesar consults a lawyer about a plan to destroy Mary Jane.

It's hard to shake the feeling that the Inferno issues of Amazing Spider-Man were structured in part to allow Todd McFarlane the opportunity to draw a number of classic Spider-Man villains, many of whom haven't been seen in the title for a very long time. It's also hard to ignore the feeling that the Amazing issues are deliberate action heavy whilst the Spectacular and Web ones have many subplots due to the respective artists' strengths and interests.

The Lizard is one of the more difficult villains of the Lee-Ditko era to do much original with. Curt Connors only rarely transforms into him and his reptilian form is rarely able to engage in subtlety or planning. Instead a typical Lizard plot see Connors become the creature who terrorises those around him whilst planning some scheme to have lizards overrun humans often through transforming them. Spider-Man fights the Lizard and administers a serum to revert him to Connors who is seemingly permanently cured but a later story will show that is not the case. The main obstacle to development seems to be the determination to always rescue Connors from his reptilian form which means the latter can never do anything long term or have time to imagine. This issue follows much of the same pattern and indeed from Spidey first encountering the Lizard to Connors re-emerging happens across just five pages.

There are some other moments in the issue such as a random shark appearing in mid air or a parade balloon of Spider-Man coming to life and attacking some kids (including the winner of a competition to appear in an issue) that also requires McFarlane to draw Spider-Man's traditional look that he'd otherwise deviated from. And the final page is a set-up for an interesting plot that sought to solve the objection that Peter shouldn't be married to a high flying model and living in a luxury apartment - by having an obsessive stalker take revenge to get Mary Jane blacklisted in the industry and the couple evicted. It's brutal but it's a much better way to solve that objection than a deal with the devil.

Overall this is another issue that's big on images and light on original plot which was becoming all too common amongst books drawn by some of the future Image founders. McFarlane draws a great Lizard but the story follows the same pattern as many before making for a rather unimaginative outcome. Still it's nice to see the artist made to conform to house style at least once.

X-Factor 38 - Inferno

The many versions of Jean Grey come together.

X-Factor #38

Writer: Louise Simonson
Penciler: Walter Simonson
Inker: Al Milgrom
Letterer: Joe Rosen
Colorist: Tom Vincent
Editor: Bob Harras
Editor-in-Chief: Tom DeFalco

Madelyne Pryor prepares to sacrifice her baby son Nathan Christopher Charles and tells the combined X-Factor and X-Men how she will gain power and have revenge upon them all. There are still demons around that are loyal to her and she sets them upon the two teams whilst also influencing them. The X-Men become more demonic and attack X-Factor, calling them "mutant hunters" which Cyclops explains was a now abandoned cover but Storm says they have seen no news of any change. She then remembers Madelyne is the one who collected the news for them and realises the teams have been manipulated to keep them apart. Madelyne tells Jean how she subconsciously used her powers to make Cyclops lose a previous fight with Storm that gave her the leadership and led to him quitting the team. She then offers Death/Angel power for revenge on all who have hurt him and he starts to succumb. The fight is complicated further when Dazzler and Longshot, both now incredibly vain and seeking the spotlight, start turning on other X-Men who they see upstaging them. Death/Angel frees Jean from her bonds but then Madelyne creates a forcefield around her, Jean and the baby. Madelyne tells how she was a clone created by Mr Sinister and Jean realises that just as with Phoenix she has again been duplicated with her duplicate unleashing dark power. Madelyne continues with how she has some of Jean's memories and the two realise that when Phoenix died and tried to return the portion of Jean to the original but in suspended animation she rejected the images of destruction and so the force found the genetically identical Madelyne instead making her everything that Jean rejected. With Madelyne's influence on the X-Men now fading they start coming back to normal and along with X-Factor they try to find a way to break through the forcefield. Wolverine convinces Havok to help who agrees but tells Cyclops he still doesn't approve of his actions and his brother admits he isn't proud either. Madelyne continues with how Mr Sinister arranged for her and Cyclops to get together and then once the baby was born and Jean returned he took steps to erase all trace of her ever having existed but the X-Men prevented the Marauders from killing her. Psylocke works on Longshot and gets him to find the weak spot in the forcefield which the others all blast. Madelyne explains how she censored news to manipulate the X-Men to stay apart from X-Factor. Then came S'ym and N'astirh driving her over to the darkness. She now prepares to destroy herself despite Jean's pleas. The forcefield is breached and Cyclops rescues his son so Madelyne unleashes an explosion of energy but fails to kill the boy. Mind locked with Jean she dies and tries to take Jean with her but the piece of the Phoenix force within her emerges and returns everything to Jean who now accepts it and absorbs them all. The demons vanish and the Empire State Building is restored. Death/Angel reflects and takes the name Archangel. Both teams reflect on what they've been through - and the need to confront Mr Sinister.

And so we have the final showdown with Madelyne Pryor amidst a major infodump issue that seeks to retcon a lot of the events of the last few years. Many readers were not happy with the way Cyclops was written through them whether it was losing a duel and thus the leadership of the X-Men to a depowered Storm or leaving Madelyne the moment he heard Jean had returned from the dead or failing to search for her afterwards until she had completely disappeared. In addition the length of time it took for the two teams to meet had become far too long. Although Louise Simonson's script has Scott admitting he is not proud of his actions, much of the blame is removed from him through the destruction of Madelyne as a character. Instead of having simply been corrupted by the influence of demons it's now revealed that through her creation and the intervention of the Phoenix force she was using her power to undermine Scott much earlier and then using her position to keep the two teams apart whilst Mr Sinister intervened to keep her apart from Scott. It's written in such a way to make it seem as though it was all planned and does its best to redeem Scott without going the whole hog and just having him mentally manipulated for years. It also makes a lot more sense of some of the more problematic elements caused by the creation of X-Factor. But in doing so it's making Madelyne a far worse character than a woman corrupted by outside influences.

With the Phoenix revelation Inferno effectively becomes an explicit sequel to the Dark Phoenix Saga as now seen through the lens of other retcons. Both stories involved a duplicate of Jean Grey being manipulated by others, ultimately succumbing to the power within her and turning dark (even down to the similar names and costumes for the Black Queen and the Goblin Queen), bringing down great destruction and finally committing suicide. Given the anniversary nature of the event it's perhaps unsurprising that the X-Men titles would return to their most famous story. And it's also clear that editorial demands wanted Madelyne removed completely with earlier attempts not succeeding. Having a little seen sinister force manipulating events doubtless reflects the editorial interference in the titles over the previous few years. But it can't take away from the fact that Madelyne had been built up as a character in her own right beyond someone who happened to be the spitting image of Jean and had shown herself to be a strong independent female character. Now she's been turned into literally a manipulative witch, used and sacrificed to satisfy the demands of others. It's hard to see how one spouse could have been so heavily absolved without such character assassination of the other but it doesn't sit easily. The reactions of others such as Havok's outrage at how his brother treated his sister-in-law or Jean's reaction to a duplicate of her becoming destructive again do feel credible.

But there's also redemption in these issues with Warren finally coming to terms with his own corruption at the hands of Apocalypse and resisting Madelyne's attempts to bring it out. In adopting the name "Archangel" he makes a clear rejection of all that others have done to him and can now fly tall. However it's surprising that he takes so many years to get rid of the costume Apocalypse gave him - had someone in Marvel signed a licensing agreement that locked him into that look? (He was in the first line of Toy Biz figures in 1991 but that agreement wasn't signed until 1990.) It's a final step up in empowering the character beyond the rich guy who could fly that he had been for so many years.

As a retcon heavy issue much of the action is limited with the further fight between the two teams largely serving to delay them from going after Madelyne but it does also allow for X-Factor to explain once more about how their initial set-up cover got out of control due to the manipulation of another and for the X-Men to realise how they too have been manipulated. The uneasiness between the two teams remains and shows you can't just remove a single point of disagreement and have everyone happy with each other. But all this is the sideshow to a very dramatic ending for Madelyne as she and the writers bring destruction down upon her. It's a well written issue and it solves the problem of Madelyne in the narrative once and for all but as was often the case with X-Factor a lot of heavy lifting was required to get the team to where editorial wanted it to be and this is perhaps the biggest lifting of all through destroying her character completely.

Uncanny X-Men 242 - Inferno

The X-Men and X-Factor meet each other for the first time.

Uncanny X-Men #242

Writer: Chris Claremont
Penciler: Marc Silvestri
Inker: Dan Green
Colorist: Glynis Oliver
Letterer: Tom Orzechowski
Editor: Bob Harras
Editor in Chief: Tom DeFalco

In Central Park the X-Men have found X-Factor and Madelyne Pryor, who is now in her civilian clothes and playing the meek manner wife. The teams are suspicious of each other, with X-Factor assuming the X-Men are dead and finding them much changed and darker, whilst the X-Men still believe X-Factor to be mutant buster bounty hunters. Several of the X-Men have become more extreme with Dazzler even more of a vain flirt, Longshot incredibly boastful, Wolverine even more ruthless and Havok ever more angry. N'astirh appears and threatens Madelyne at precisely the point when Jean is under attack by the demons who were her parents, forcing Cyclops to choose which woman to save - and he saves Jean. N'astirh takes Madelyne and Nathan Christopher away on a demonic coach with Havok grabbing onto the rear. At the Empire State Building Havok re-declares his loyalty to Madelyne who, now in the Goblin Queen costume again, proclaims him the "Goblin Prince". As they enter they are seen by Colossus, returning from helping the New Mutants, who cannot get into the building so proceeds to climb it. N'astirh plans to use Madelyne's energies to create a permanent link between Earth and Limbo by sacrificing Nathan Christopher, which his mother agrees to. In the park the battle between the two teams continues to rage until Storm takes Jean aside and the two renew their friendship. N'astirh attacks and both teams united to fight him, with Iceman directing Colossus at the demon who is pained by contact with the Russian's steel form. Combining their knowledge and powers they subject the techno organic demon to extreme cold and heat that causes his circuits to malfunction then Storm destroys him with a lightning bolt. Cyclops is displease with X-Men killing but Storm asserts her right as leader. However Madelyne now grabs Jean...

This is another double-sized issue yet curiously neither this nor the double-sized X-Factor #38 are the final issues of their series's contribution to the crossovers. This would appear to be a later change of plan as neither issues #243/#39 was included on the main advert for the event. Perhaps somebody got confused about anniversaries. As we'll see issue #243 proclaims itself to be both "The 25th Anniversary Issue of the Uncanny X-Men and 150th Issue of the New X-Men". That latter is true providing Giant-Size X-Men #1 is not included in the count which perhaps may be the source of confusion but either issue is a little late for celebrating the 25th anniversary on time which would be either an issue published in June or cover dated September so anywhere between #235 & #238 is the best guess (precise dates of publication for Silver Age comics aren't always clear due to varying sources and practices but for what it's worth in 1993 both the X-Men and Avengers - which originally came out on the same day - made the peak of their 30th anniversary celebrations the September cover dated issues released in July). But also adding to the complications are the succession of villains and key moments to be dealt with.

There's no denying the landmark significance of the issue. The original five X-Men have not appeared altogether in the series since issue #66 some eighteen years earlier. Much has happened since then, including the transformations of both the Beast and Death/Angel, the seeming death and return of Marvel Girl, the marriage and separation of Cyclops and the formation of X-Factor. It is undeniable that they have all changed in that time but they still believe in the original vision of Professor X. But it would be wrong to see them as simply a set of Silver Age characters whose presence allows for a contrast with the-then modern Dark Age successors though the scene where Cyclops and Storm argue about who is living up to the legacy of Professor Xavier's vision is more than just a continuation of their conflict over the leadership of the X-Men or a sign that X-Factor is still believed to be working as mutant bounty hunters despite the cover having been publicly abandoned some time ago.

For the X-Men have become much darker and this is not just the influence of the magic of Limbo. Over time they've become steadily harder and more ruthless with their foes, reflecting a darker world. Not all have changed at the same pace with some having noticeably found themselves disgusted at they've done but this is a team that has come a long way from even the early days of the New X-Men from before Jean was replaced by Phoenix. This is shown most dramatically in the way that Psylocke forces her way into Jean's mind without the latter's consent or when Storm calmly asserts that N'astirh needed to be destroyed and she had every right to make that decision.

Killing off N'astirh is a shocking moment even though he was only created for this storyline. Of the two feuding demons in Limbo he is by far the stronger creation and it would have been better to take advantage of Inferno to replace the far too comical S'ym with a far more dangerous threat should the realm be returned to. But the more immediate needs of this strand of the crossover is to remove the villains in succession and show the darkness of the modern X-Men so the more immediate needs take priority over the long-term needs. And removing N'astirh allows for a much greater focus on Madelyne in issues to come.

A large chunk of the extended issue is taken up with the fight between the two teams which even in 1988 had become a cliche of the genre but here it feels more natural than the average superhero fight over the smallest misunderstanding or disagreement. Instead it's a clear sign of the two very different paths the different team members have been on which makes it easy for Madelyne to manipulate them into reacting this way. This meeting has been a very long time coming because of editorial mandates to keep the two teams apart and an immediate team-up was never going to be credible. Old attitudes are brought to the forefront with many little moments between characters such as Death/Angel renewing his hostility towards Wolverine after the latter kisses Jean showing how suspicions remain. Both teams have gone through some unusual developments that add to the suspicions with the X-Men's official death and X-Factor's bounty hunter period both referenced. All this combines to make the lengthy fight a more realistic outcome.

This meeting of the two teams was a long time coming, frankly far longer than it needed to be, and so it deserves to be the main focus for a key issue of the crossover. It's a strong piece that really gets into the different characters and how they've all changed in different directions since the old days, thus giving us not a piece of nostalgia but a strong step forward.

Excalibur 7 - Inferno

Rachel is about to have the wedding of the season.

Excalibur #7

Writer: Chris Claremont
Penciler: Alan Davis
Inker: Paul Neary
Letterer: Agustin Mas
Colorist: Glynis Oliver
Editor: Terry Kavanaugh
Editor in Chief: Tom DeFalco
Creators: Claremont & Davis

Crotus, N'astirh's lead henchman demon, is wandering through the streets of New York bemoaning this master when he sees Rachel Summers turned into a mannequin in a bridal shop and decides to take her for his own source of power by marrying her. Elsewhere a cinema drags more people off the street into its screen where it shows "Teenbimbowargoreshocker 23" starring Brian Braddock as "Fast Buck" and Kitty Pryde as "the Victim". Within the picture Kitty (Shadowcat) faces off against Brian (Captain Britain) who alternates between a violent servant of the Goblin Princess and himself. Both change appearances with Brian becoming a slasher in a mask and Kitty a cheerleader, a role she hates, and he chases her through a weird high school. Then they encounter Meggan, transformed into the Goblin Princess, who transforms them into ballroom dancers and puts them into a dance for all eternity. Meanwhile Kurt (Nightcrawler) gets eaten by a living dustcart where inside other humans attack him as demon, giving the cart such indigestion they are vomited out. He is then befriended by an animated stone gargoyle and then finds shop mannequins coming to life and attacking shoppers. He learns how the mannequins have come to life and switched places with humans, turning them into mannequins and swapping clothes with them, and realises this has happened to Rachel. Capturing the mannequin in Rachel's costume with the help of the gargoyle they head off to gate-crash the wedding. Brian collapses from exhaustion and Kitty finds herself transformed again as Illyana's Soul Sword appears which she uses to free Brian and Meggan from the spell. Rachel is restored to human form but the gargoyle is destroyed in the resulting explosion.

This is a much more intense issue than the previous one, putting all five members of Excalibur through some nightmare scenarios that manage to parody many elements of culture from crap blockbuster movies with umpteen sequels to classic Hollywood to Doctor Who to Ghostbusters to slasher movies. There's even a visit to the New York branch of Forbidden Planet. The series has firmly settled on the perimeter of the crossover event and is determined to have some fun in the process rather than exploring any of the deeper ramifications.

In part this is done by having Rachel be an inanimate object for the whole issue. Although the mannequins coming to life and attacking people is a clear homage to one of the best known scenes in classic Doctor Who, the idea of humans being switched with mannequins has a more direct influence from an issue of Superman the previous year. In the post Crisis introduction of Mr Mxyzptlk (written and drawn by John Byrne) had briefly done this to Lois Lane but the story treated this as nothing more than a shock moment and it's not hard to see this making more of the plot device as a subtle swipe by Claremont at Byrne as part of the two's ongoing feud.

But also it's notable that Kitty is not present for the final events surrounding her best friend Illyana. Instead she just experiences the Soul Sword and armour suddenly appearing on her and remembers how the last time this happened was when the Beyonder killed Illyana but they reverted when he resurrected her. She just doesn't want to think through the consequences and instead leaves this for post Inferno issues. It's as though someone suddenly remembered all the connections between the characters in this title and the other X-Men books late in the day - in terms of publication Excalibur only joined Inferno with its November issue (cover dated March) when other series had crossing over as early as August (cover dated December) - and then threw these two issues together to explain why Rachel and Kitty hadn't come to the aid of their brother/best friend respectively with a whimsical take on a very dark environment at the same time.

And so we get two inconsequential issues that are Excalibur effectively saying it's a series to stand apart from the other X-Men titles even when it gets dragged into a crossover. Given the way the comics industry was going in 1988 it's actually quite refreshing to find a series that tried to do its own thing rather than getting tied into umpteen other titles and crossovers requiring its to reader to "have" to buy loads of extra comics just to understand the story in their regular one. But for issues whose covers present themselves as core parts of the crossover and a series that was part of the emerging X-Men family of titles there is invariably a disappointment to find such a bolt-on. This is a good satellite issue but that's not what it presents itself at.

New Mutants 73 - Inferno

Illyana goes back to where it all started.

New Mutants #73

Writer: Louise Simonson
Penciler: Bret Blevins
Inker: Al Williamson & Mike Manley
Letterer: Joe Rosen
Colorist: Glynis Oliver
Editor: Bob Harras
Editor in Chief: Tom DeFalco

Illyana battles S'ym knowing that she could destroy him but at a terrible cost. Meanwhile others search for her. Sam (Cannonball), Rahne (Wolfsbane), Bobby (Sunspot), Warlock, Boom Boom and Rictor are delayed by a street that comes to life and won't let them pass. Colossus strides through New York alone and forces demons to take him to S'ym. Magneto and the rest of the Inner Circle of the Hellfire Club are confronted by N'astirh who tries to make a deal with them; Wolfsbane hears part of the conversation and she and the others are soured on their headmaster further. First Colossus and then the New Mutants reach S'ym and discover that Illyana is now entirely encased within a suit of armour. Ashamed she flees into Limbo with the New Mutants following whilst Colossus battles S'ym. Within Limbo Illyana declares she must stay there to rule it as the Darkchilde, rejecting her human side, and that her whole life has led to this moment. Things get worse on Earth with demons attacking the church where Dani (Mirage), Rusty and Skids put up a spirited defence despite their wounds. Rahne realises that because time doesn't exist in Limbo they can save Illyana's younger self from going down this path. Searching through multiple portals they find the six year old girl who first came to the realm but are then confronted by her older self who wants to kill her. Rahne tells Illyana that contrary to what N'astirh claimed there is a choice and she can save her younger self. Returning everyone to New York the older Illyana sucks most of the demons, including S'ym, back through the portal then throws away her Soul Sword. Colossus and the New Mutants find the armour with a voice crying out - inside is the younger Illyana freed from her dark path with the older self having sacrificed herself to save the day. But N'astirh is still on Earth with plans.

This is the final New Mutants issue of Inferno, a special double-sized issue that brings the title's contribution to the crossover to a conclusion. In doing so we also get a very definitive conclusion to the story of Illyana. In addition the regulars get their first encounter with any of the X-Men since the latter's apparent deaths as Colossus shows up to help his sister. Though Illyana herself gets a scene of coming to terms with the realisation that this is indeed her brother, the reaction of the others is limited to Bobby commenting that they though Colossus was dead and Magneto glimpsing from afar the X-Man being carried by two demons and deciding that it can't be him. But it's an appropriate guest appearance for a highly personal tale.

The themes of child abuse and corruption have long been central to Illyana's story as her childhood was stolen and she was brought up around men who used and abused her. One of her abusers was S'ym and now she is stronger and more powerful to fight back - but he is also more powerful than before. She cannot bring redemption through confronting her abusers and instead seems fated to forever be the corrupted being who was once an innocent little girl. Convinced she has no choice in the matter any more there seems nothing her friends can do to help her. The metaphor is strong and effective. The solution less so.

Limbo has been established as a realm where the rules of time work differently from Earth. This is reinforced early in the issue as demons remind Colossus that, "Time different in Limbo. ... One time is all time in Limbo... is part of Limbo's special magic." It's sufficient to prepare for the moment whereby the older Illyana is effectively negated when her younger self is rescued from the realm just after her arrival with the realm's magic able to overcome the logical rules of time travel and altering a character's history making it work in the narrative. But it also feels unsatisfactory given the metaphors. Real life abuse victims cannot just make their torment have not happened. At most they can suppress the memory but it is not easy to simply lock away a bad memory and never think it again. They can help save others from being abused but not turn the clock back. Thus Illyana's end is not so much overcoming the effect of the abuse to live as committing suicide. For the rest of the New Mutants may have saved her from the whole experience and triumphed but for her it's not the best outcome to a story that's been running ever since she first entered Limbo many issues earlier.

The art on this issue manages to capture the themes of darkness and salvation well. One of the main problems throughout the crossover has been the rather silly look of S'ym. Here we get him drawn in demonic poses and coloured especially darkly which makes the character look credible but he really needs to lose the cigar. Otherwise the key moments are well drawn especially Illyana's final transformation and action.

Overall this is an ending that both does and doesn't work. As a story of the New Mutants ending the threat of the demons and saving Illyana it's a viable ending. But as a conclusion to a very personal saga that has long served as a metaphor for child abuse it's utterly unsatisfactory.

Excalibur 6 - Inferno

The British based team get drawn to New York.

Excalibur #6

Writer: Claremont
Penciler: Davis
Inker: Neary
Colorist: Oliver
Letterer: Orzechowski
Editor: Kavanaugh
Boss: DeFalco

Rachel Summers (Phoenix) has a telepathic vision of her brother being tormented by demons and her mother so speeds off to New York to save him. The other members set off to follow her. At Euston station in London Brigadier Alysande Stuart leads a squad of the Weird Happenings Organisation (Who) including her brother and Who scientific advisor Professor Alistaire Stuart in investigating a mysterious steam train from an alternate timeline where the Nazis rule. Rachel flies into New York and assumes the Goblin Queen is her mother, Jean Grey, but it's Madelyne who rejects her. Rachel crashes down to the ground and into a bridal shop where someone turns her into a mannequin. The other four fly across the Atlantic, stopping off on a ship for a loo break, where Meggan finds herself struggling to control her powers to become what others desire. Arriving in New York her powers respond to the demonic energy and she becomes the "Goblin Princess". Kurt (Nightcrawler) is thrown to the ground whilst Kitty (Shadowcat) and Brian (Captain Britain) get pulled into a cinema and find themselves in an action movie.

This issue is from the early days of Excalibur which was usually the most obscure title in the growing X-Men family of titles. Although sharing a writer with Uncanny X-Men and Wolverine (which had just launched), it had a different editor and for the first few years it managed to steer clear of most crossovers, even having one-shot specials that stood on their own instead of annuals that had to be part of wider crossovers. Things changed a bit from 1993 onwards but before then it avoided just almost every X-Men and wider Marvel crossover going. But this issue and the next one are the exception as it got drawn into Inferno.

It's an awkward point in the series to do so. The team had formed in a special edition one-shot six months before the regular series launched and so this is de facto the seventh issue for the team. The title has been setting itself out as a cross between the Marvel UK Captain Britain stories and members of the X-Men who had been away from the team when it was seemingly killed of, with a strong dose of whimsy in contrast to the ever darker adventures in the other X-Men titles. The tone of the series is not a natural tie with a dark crossover like Inferno whilst this isn't the best way to introduce the series to readers passing through because of the crossover.

And yet it would be difficult to ignore it completely. With so much of Inferno revolving around the travails of the women and son of Scott Summers, could his daughter from an alternate future be ignored? But it would be complicated to work a third team into that part of the crossover and there's also the complication that the X-Men are generally presumed dead (along with Madelyne hence why Rachel automatically assumes the Goblin Queen is Jean) which was the reason Excalibur formed in the first place. And Rachel has not yet met her Jean or dealt with the implications retcon that Jean-Phoenix in this timeline was not the original Jean Grey but the Phoenix force impersonating her. That's an awful lot of baggage to handle in a crossover already working through so many other strands and thus it probably made sense to keep Excalibur out of the core rather than removing their raison d'être so soon or engaging in further complicated meetings that are best handled separately.

So instead we get this issue in which Rachel charges off to New York, gets swatted aside by the Goblin Queen before she can really do anything and then transformed into a mannequin, whilst the others make their way with a comedic stop off and then get into generic encounters with demons. For a book with the Inferno logo directly above the series logo, thus signifying a core part of the crossover (as opposed to the satellite issues with the logo in a triangle in the corner), this feels incredibly inessential and it's clear why it's been left out of most collections of the core of Inferno. (Its presence in the core rather than the crossover trade paperbacks seems to be more down to page lengths as they convert two hardcovers into three softcovers.)

There's one fun little subplot that shows a great adoration for Doctor Who. The Weird Happenings Organisation is clearly based on Unit with Brigadier Alysande Stuart's name clearly evoking Brigadier Alastair Gordon Lethbridge-Stewart and in a remarkable piece of prediction her brother Professor Alistaire Stuart looks and is dressed somewhat like David Tennant's Doctor but two decades before he came along.

Other than that side moment this is a really disappointing issue. As the next few years would demonstrate Excalibur did not need to be included in every crossover and this issue seems to know what it can't do and then just stumbles as it tries to unite the series's light-hearted tone with the dark sinister world of Inferno. It isn't a great introduction to the series for visiting readers either. Instead it's just an unnecessary issue.

Fantastic Four 324 - Inferno

More foes step in to complicate Mantis's quest.

Fantastic Four #324

Story: S.F.X. Englehart
Pencils: Keith Pollard
Inks: Romeo Tanghal
Letters: Joe Rosen
Colors: George Roussos
Editor: Ralph Macchio
Editor in Chief: Tom DeFalco

(There's no "Inferno continues" triangle on the cover but it's not clear why as other Inferno crossovers had it that month and there were even a few stragglers the following month. Anyway this issue is clearly set during Inferno and has been included in all collected editions that contain the crossovers.)

The Human Torch's flame is out of control and nothing will turn it off. Meanwhile Mantis has disappeared from the cell on Kang's ship. Everyone returns to New York to find the sorcerer Necrodamus has escaped from Limbo and taken Mantis to sacrifice her at a point when the planets align to secure great power. The Three and Kang find themselves having to work together with Ms Marvel coming up with a plan. Kang and the Human Torch take off for space where they manage to shift Mercury from its orbit long enough to prevent the alignment. Necrodamus fades back into Limbo. Kang abandons Johnny in space but the movement of the planets attracts the attention of the Silver Surfer.

The story credit is a reflection of the continued breakdown in relations between Steve Englehart and Marvel editorial as he felt he was now just scripting plots totally rewritten by his editors - or just supplying sound effects. Perhaps that's why this issue feels so quick and plot light. Alternatively it may have been an intentional filler interlude in the story to mark time before issue #325 came after the end of the Inferno crossover. Whatever the reason the result is an extremely poor issue. In her brief dialogue it seems as though Mantis is expressing his frustration as bemoans how she has been "Abused, humiliated wherever she turns! ... This one would fight back! ... she has come to feel, in her very bones she will never get back to the stars!" It is as if the writer or scripter feels he will never be able to complete the character's story as he wished.

This continues the practice of using assorted villains mainly associated with the Avengers. Although Necrodamus had been introduced by Englehart in his early 1970s run on Defenders the sorcerer's main appearances since had been in conflict with the Scarlet Witch. Thus it would make sense for him to have returned in West Coast Avengers but with Englehart having just left that book it was clear he was transferring his plans over even when they no longer made sense. The result is a sorcerer who's around for half an issue with a crude plan that is quickly thwarted and he fades away without ever having felt like the significant menace required at this stage of the story. N'astirh briefly appears to warn against distractions with Necrodamus pledging he will use the power to help but as scripted it seems most likely that N'astirh leaves after determining Necrodamus will be no menace to his plans.

One of the inadvertent confusions raised by this issue is that there are actually at least two dimensions in Marvel called Limbo - the magical realm from which Inferno stems and the more science fiction dimension that time travellers pass through and which is ruled over by Kang's future incarnation Immortus. This issue makes no attempt to sort out the confusion between the two even though Kang appears to pass through the latter whilst Necrodamus has been trapped in the former. Kang continues to distance himself from the Kangs appearing over in Avengers in an attempt to clear up the mess. He's also got a weapon on his time ship that makes the noise "Tardis!"

Johnny's flame going out of control is not really developed here and apart from a few comments by the Thing and Ms Marvel about keeping their distance there is just no sign of any affect the permanent flame is having on anything beyond his inability to turn it off. Meanwhile a conversation about whether Ms Marvel could revert to human form if she wished to and whether she does so is started but cuts away before a critical reply, again giving away the editorial interference.

Overall this issue is just dire. It cannot disguise the utter pointlessness of the whole interlude with Necrodamus and there's a general sense of starting but not finishing that is not confined to Mantis's/Englehart's frustrations. Perhaps the cover lacks the "Inferno continues" triangle as a contemporary attempt to discourage readers from picking it up, whether out of dissatisfaction with it or a royalty sabotaging strategy. The behind the scenes conflict is all to clear and the result is this mess.